Studies On The Construction And Application Of Chinese Rice Varieties And Germplasm Resources Database

Germplasm resources play an important role in rice. Rice germplasm resources in China is quite rich and its preservation and search is mainly depended upon books. So there are too many defects, such as management, using and sharing inconvenience, and even data irregularity. Database technology can just right overcome the disadvantages mentioned above, however, the only rice germplasm resources databases still have some defects, for instances, data incompleteness and searching inconvenience. Therefore, this research will integrate variety, germplasm resources, super rice variety, exit variety, variety right, extension area and production data, which utilizes Windows XP, Dreamweaver MX, Access2003, ASP and B/S three-layer structure, and develop Chinese rice varieties and germplasm resources database.In this study, bred variety and germplasm resources will be stored in one database for the first time. The new pedigreed tracking technology is helpful to understand the breeding process and genetic background of each variety and application of every germplasm resource. The new character mining technology can give the information of per character and realize each character data statistical analysis, basing on this technology. In addition, the first integration of variety, germplasm resources, super rice variety, exit variety, variety right, extension area, production and relevant data about rice can have a comprehensive understanding about rice variety information.With the powerful searching and statistical analysis function of the database, this research studies Chinese rice from breeding to production. The research shows that:(1) The average coordination group of sterile line is2.83-3.14and the restorer line is1.18～1.32, the utilization rate of parent is low. The hybrid rice yield is higher than conventional rice by8.33%, compared with three-line hybrid rice, the two-line has no significant yield advantage. The japonica rice yield is higher than the indica rice by9.42%, the single cropping rice is obviously higher than the early rice and the late rice, the late rice is a little higher than the early rice.(2) Protection consciousness of the variety right is being gradually improved, but still need to be strengthened more.(3) Diversity,of hybrid rice variety is more and more abundant and conventional rice has no obvious changes, however, most varieties have not been widely applied in the production. The life of rice variety is only5.5years. (4)Rice planting area in China has been dropping year by year. The main reason is the decrease of arable area, planting structure adjustment between food crop and non-food crop and the aggravating phenomenon that double cropping rice changes into single cropping rice in South. However, with increasing of the per unit area yield of rice, the rice total production maintains relative stability. In order to stabilize the rice production and ensure food security, it is necessary to protect cultivated land intensively and treat planting structure adjustment rationally. Besides, it is essential to develop double cropping rice in the area where the sunshine is adequate.