| [Object]1. To understand the status of physical development and overweight and obesity of pupils in Changning District of Shanghai.2. To explore the influencing factors of overweight and obesity, and provide evidence for making obesity preventive measures to promote the health status of pupils in Changning District[Methods]Questionnaires and physical examination were conducted in this study. Adopting stratified cluster sampling, and three primary schools were randomly selected from totally 28 primary schools in Changning District, then all the pupils in the selected schools with the total number of 1338 were selected into our study. According to the random digits table,250 cases were randomly selected from overweight and obese pupils detected through physical examination.300 controls were selected from normal weight pupils. In all, totally 550 subjects were carried out to explore the risk factors of overweight and obesity.[Results]1. The comparison of common status between boys and girls:the average height of boys at the age of 8 is significantly higher than that of girls at the same age(t=3.353, P=0.001). The average weight of boys is significantly heavier than that of girls(t=6.438, P<.001); the average value of BMI of boys is significantly larger than that of girls(t=8.845, P<0.001); the average waist circumference of boys is bigger than that of girls(t=10.692, P<0.001); the average hip circumference of boys at the age of 10 is significantly bigger than that of girls at the same age (1=2.687, P=0.008)2. The prevalence of overweight and obesity:212(15.50%) overweight pupils and 186(13.90%) obses pupils were detected through 1338 pupils physical examination respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity for boys are respectively 19.80% and 18.63%, while those of girls are respectively 11.67% and 8.91%. The prevalence of overweight and obesity for boys is higher than those of girls (x2= 50.931, P＜0.001)3. The influencing factors:3.1 Study showed that sex is one of the influencing factors of overweight and obesity, boys were easier than girls to become overweight and obesity(OR=2.418, P＜0.001). the factor that his father or mother is obese (OR=3.976, P<0.001) and higher frequency of eating ried foods (OR=1.663, P=0.008) are both risk factors of overweight and obesity. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between different groups of eating speeds (x2=43.555, P<0.001). Comparing with pupils of eating slow, pupils of eating fast (OR=6.133, P<0.001) or general (OR=2.504, P<0.001) were more likely to become overweight and obesity. Choosy in food(OR=0.615, P=0.008) was one of protection factors of overweight and obesity. The difference in the prevalences of overweight and obesity between different groups of frequency of eating breadfast has statistical meaning (%2 =11.154, P=0.011). There was a significant difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between different groups of the willing to participate exercises (x2=9.366, P=0.002). Comparing with pupils who had no willing to participate exercises, pupils who had willing of participating exercises (OR=0.491, P =0.002) were more difficult to become overweight and obesity. The difference in the prevalences of overweight and obesity between different groups of learning times at home every day has statistical meaning (x=31.696, P<0.001). Comparing with pupils of learning times less than 1h at home every day, pupils of learning times more than 2h at home every day (OR=3.308, P<0.001) were more likely to become overweight and obesity. There was a significant difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between different groups of sleeping times (x=7.641, P= 0.022). Comparing with pupils of sleeping times less than 8h every day, pupils of sleeping limes between 8 to 10 hour every day (OR=0.424, P=0.020) were more difficult to become overweight and obesity.3.2 Results from non-conditional logistic regression showed that, the pupil that his father or mother is obese was easier to become overweight and obesity (OR=4.056, P<0.001). Comparing with pupils of eating slow, pupils of eating fast (OR=7.085, P<0.001) or general (OR=3.667, P<0.001) were more likely to become overweight and obesity. Higher frequency of eating ried foods (OR=1.678, P=0.036) was one of risk factors of overweight and obesity. Comparing with pupils who had no willing to participate exercises, pupils who had willing of participating exercises (OR=0.495, P =0.019) were more difficult to become overweight and obesity. Comparing with pupils of learning times less than 1h at home every day, pupils of learning times more than 2h at home every day (OR=5.761, P<0.001) were more prone to become overweight and obesity. Comparing with pupils of sleeping times less than 8h, pupils of sleeping times between 8 to 10 hour every day (OR=0.325, P=0.010) were more difficult to become overweight and obesity.[Conclusions]1. The height, weight, waist and hip of pupils are increased with age of the pupils, the values of physical development of boys are higher than that of girls.2. The prevalences of overweight and obesity of boys in Changning District are respectively 19.80% and 18.63%, and those of girls are 11.67% and 8.91%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight at age of 10 and the prevalence of obesity at the age of 8 are the highest among boys, there are respectively 24.84% and 23.67%. Among girels, the prevalence of overweight at age of 7 and the prevalence of obesity at the age of 8 are the highest. There are 14.91% and 12.16%, respectively.3. For our subjects, the obesity status of father or mother, eating fast or general, higher frequency of eating ried foods, learning times more than 2h at home every day are may be risk factors of overweight and obesity. Willing of participating exercises and sleeping times between 8 to 10 hour every day are perhaps protective factors of overweight and obesity. |
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