School-based Social Workers’ Intervention Research Of Rural Junior High School Students’ Loneliness

Loneliness is a relatively closed, negative and diffuse psychological reflection, a state that individuals feel themselves isolated from external environment or a lonely emotional experience which is caused by feeling exclusion from the external environment. Individuals who are in this state for a long time may lead to a variety of problems. Rural areas are still lagging behind the city in the politics, economy, education, culture and so on. With the rise of boarding schools and phenomenon of migrant workers, the great number of rural boarding students and left-behind students are gradually increasing, and their loneliness experience cause more and more attention. Through investigation and social workers’intervention in junior high school students of D school in C county, Gansu province, this study expects to get the information as the following three aspects:The first is to investigate the state of loneliness and social support in rural junior high school students and to analyze the effect of grade, gender, boarding factors and left-behind factors to loneliness; The second is to explore and find the relationship between loneliness and social support state of rural junior high school students; The third is to discuss the function of social work intervention in reducing loneliness of rural junior high school students and the promotion value of the school social work’s project in junior high schools, which are based on intermediary variable of social support.Based on questionnaire measurement of158junior high school students of D school in county C, Gansu province, it reaches the conclusions as following:(1) The distribution characteristics of the loneliness state in this school are:Junior high school students who concentrated distribution in the area of lower loneliness are slightly more than the distribution in the higher loneliness area, so the overall distribution presents a positive skewness; Male junior high school students’loneliness experience is higher than female junior high school students’; Low-grade junior high school students’loneliness experience is higher than high-grade junior high school students’; Boarding junior high school students’loneliness experience is lower than non-boarding junior high school students’; Left-behind junior high school students’loneliness experience is higher than non-staying junior high school students’.(2) The distribution characteristics of the social support state in this school are:Junior high school students who concentrated distribution in the area of higher social support are slightly more than the distribution in the lower social support area, so the overall distribution presents a negative skewness; Social support to male junior high school students is lower than to female junior high school students; Social support to low-grade junior high school students is lower than to high-grade junior high school students; Social support to boarding junior high school students is higher than to non-boarding junior high school students; Social support to left-behind junior high school students is lower than to non-staying junior high school students.(3) There is an obvious negative correlation between junior high school students’loneliness experience and social support state.Based on the investigation and original research at home and abroad, this study proposes that using intermediary variable of social work to intervene in loneliness of junior high school students. The aim of this research is to improve the social support to junior high school students and to reduce loneliness experience of them by corresponding social work courses and activities, such as social work class, group work, picture book, quality development, classroom guidance, class meeting, psychological intervention, a variety of extra-curricular activities and so on. The results show that:(1) With the rise of social support, loneliness experience of rural junior high school students is declining;(2) Social work intervention contributes to improve social support state to junior high school students and reduce loneliness experience of them;(3) Employing social workers in junior high schools and combining social work courses, group work and other extra-curricular activities are effective to serve junior high school students and the current education of junior high schools, which is with high promotion value.