Study On The Impediments And Countermeasures In The Citizenization Of New Generation Peasant-workers In China

New generation peasant-workers refer to the rural floating population who wereborn after1980s, and went to work and be in business in cities in the mid-1990s,including the new peasant-workers who were born and lived in cities but had nopermanent urban residence certificates. More than100million new generationpeasant-workers played a more and more important part in promoting the economicdevelopment of China. The study on their citizenization is the key issue among allstudies on new generation peasant-workers. This key issue will affect the fundamentalsolving of three issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers and the pushingon the process of urban-rural integration and the urbanization. At the meantime,comparing with the old generation peasant-workers, the new one’s desire to go to city isstronger. It is the strongest wish of new generation peasant-workers to melting intourban society, enjoy the fruit of social development with the urban citizen and become areal citizen.The key issue of new generation peasant-workers is citizenization. At present time,the process of citizenization is slow. There are social reasons, such as system and policy,as well as new generation peasant-workers’ own reasons. The most important ones arethe residence registration system as well as the unequal distribution welfare systemderivated from it, rural land system and capability of finding employment,comprehensive quality of new generation peasant-workers. the psychological repellenceof urban citizens and the improper descriptions of the peasant-workers. In2009, theCentral Economic Working Conference put forward that China should accelerate thedevelopment of small and medium-sized cities and small towns and solve the problemsof employment and household registration of the qualified agricultural migrationpopulation and take it as an important task. Set in this background, Chongqing started athorough reform of the residence registration system to transform peasants into urbancitizens in August,2010. It combined the reform with Chongqing’s economic and socialreality and blazed a trail in many systems and policies. It also brought many revelationsto the present study on the new generation peasant-workers.Based on the fundamental realities of China, some policies are proposed topromoting the process of citizenization of new generation peasant-workers combiningwith the revelation of some innovation policies in Chongqing’s reform of the residence registration system and the instructive exploitation in peasant-workers’ melting intocities. It also draws in experience of surplus rural labor’s melting into cities fromforeign countries. There are six policies in all. First, establish a scientific and reasonablestrategic thinking of citizenization of new Generation Peasant-Workers. Second,transform the concept to build a social environment that people have a fair competitionand can enjoy the fruit of social development with urban citizens during the process ofcitizenization. Third, intensify reforms of residence registration system as well as theunequal distribution welfare system derivated from it. Forth, establish and perfect theurban housing security system. Fifth, improve the employment policy and enhance thevocational skill training of peasant-workers to promote employment of them. Sixth,intensify reforms of rural land system. Seventh, Strengthen legal protection of legalrights and interests of new generation peasant-workers. Finally, promote the process ofnew generation peasant-workers’ melting into cities to increase their sense of belonging.Through these policy suggestions, this dissertation embodies the hope to promote theprocess of new generation peasant-workers’ melting into cities and to enjoy the fruit ofsocial development with urban citizens.