From "Vienna Mechanism" To "Permanent5+1"

In1979the Islamic Republic of Iran took the stand against the West, so the relationship between Iran and the West had a bad turn. At the same time, Iran’s nuclear activities were becoming a problem concerned very much, and America did everything possible to contain Iran’s nuclear activities. After the exposure of Iran’s secret nuclear facilities in2002, the three EU countries (Germany, France and Britain) began to intervene into mediating Iran’s nuclear issue, the three foreign ministers visited Iran together and then signed The Tehran Agreement, which marked the birth of the "Vienna mediation mechanism". Iran resumed nuclear fuel research at January10,2006, which also declared the failure of the "Vienna mechanism". At January16,2006, German Chancellor Angela Merkel proposed that Russian and China joined in the talks to discuss coping strategies together, forming the "P5+1"mechanism. Germany as the only non-permanent members intervening into the mediation of the Iranian nuclear issue has its own reasons.First of all, from the strategic point of view, intervening into the Iranian nuclear issue is the need of the Greater Middle East strategy of Germany, and also serves German Middle East strategy. Secondly, from the point of politics, after the reunification of Germany it takes an aggressive diplomatic strategy, making Germany actively seek a leadership position in the European Union, and thus plays an important role in the international political arena. Thirdly, from the point of economy, on the one hand, Iran is rich in oil and gas. Iran’s nuclear issue relates to the stability of the energy supply of the EU and the world’s major economies. Germany is the second-largest exporter in the world, whose exports mainly target at European Union countries as Italy, Spain and China, Japan and other countries. These countries are the main targets of Iran’s oil exports, which can get steady and continuous supply of oil or not will indirectly affect the development of German economy. On the other hand, Germany has large trade and investment interests in Iran.Germany intervenes into mediating the Iranian nuclear issue affected by the international and domestic factors. From the international level, Germany and the United States are all against Iran to possess nuclear weapons, but Germany advocates a peaceful solution to the Iranian nuclear issue, and the United States does not give up the possibility of the use of forces to solve the Iranian nuclear issue. Judging from the domestic level, in Germany between the political parties there are differences. These factors have made German effectiveness of mediation in the Iranian nuclear issue to be affected, and how the prospect of mediation is still in great suspense.