Embedding And Merging:Research On The Policy Of College Graduates As Village Officials In The View Of "the Balanced Development Between Urban And Rural Areas"

Since the21st century, under the guidance of important strategic thoughts such as" The construction of a new socialist countryside" and" The balanced development of urban and rural areas as a whole", our country has introduced a series of reform measures, including the reform of rural tax and fee system, the new rural cooperative medical treatment, new farming rural endowment insurance, dismissing and merging between township, the pilot reform of census, and so on. The implementation of such kinds of economic and political reform measures have not only greatly promoted the rural economic and social development in our country, but also promoted our country’s rural areas into the accelerating social transition.Just in the background mentioned above, the policy of college graduates as village officials has gradually transformed from the voluntary pilot by local governments into the prevalent promotion by the central government, from few separated areas into all over the country. To certain extent, the implementation of the policy of college graduates as village officials is full of vigor and is still in the ascendant. However, as a kind of "policy embedding", which is overall considered throughout the urban and rural global consideration, and is implemented by the external administrative power, the policy of college graduates as village officials has not only encountered the "reaction" and "feedback" of the policy environment and policy subjects, but has also faced up with the risk of alienation and deformation of policy during its implementation. Thus, our country’s policy of college graduates as village officials has confronted with serious "embedding-merging "problems.By using the questionnaire survey method, comparison and standardizing research methods, the article, from the perspective of balance development between urban and rural areas, emphasizes four aspects of the policy of college graduates as village officials:the situation of policy embedding, the problems of policy merging, the evaluation of policy trend, the reform and innovation of policy, so as to provide a certain degree of intelligence assistance and theoretical support for the further improvement of our country’s policy of college graduates as village officials.For the aspect of policy embedding, the paper argues that the policy of college graduates as village officials has proceeded from the pilot phase, the gradually extending embryonic stage and the major breakthrough stage into the comprehensively promoting stage, each phase of policy is continuous in the essence and different in the emphasis, and is closely related with the political and economic environment, and is also the product of common effects of the time and environments. The paper argues that, the policy system of college graduates as village officials in our country has been preliminarily formed, including the policy text which has four central documents as the core part, the policy main body which has college graduates as village officials, the original village committee members, the party and government of township and other management as the core part, the policy content system which contains the quaternary of "import-management-training-exit". In addition, the paper also argues that the implementation of the policy of college graduates as village officials in our country has made preliminary results, including:ease college graduates’ employment situation moderately; advance socialist new rural construction Gradually; improve villagers’ autonomy organization and system preliminarily; strengthen the construction of backup talents team of our party and government, etc.For the aspect of policy merging, this paper contends that there exist four issues in the implementation of the policy of college graduates as village officials. Firstly, the text is carelessly designed, the legality of some parts in the policy is questioned, which mainly refers to the position setting and hiring procedure of college graduates as village officials, and the program of turning them straight into civil servants and town leaderships, and college graduates as village officials taking part in the committee campaign, etc; Secondly, the issue of policy implementation process is serious, the achievement of policy goals is confronted with challenges, which mainly includes:the hiring and employment policy is unscientific, the phenomenon of asymmetry between demand and supply is prominent; the training mode needs to be optimized; the supporting system becomes a mere formality, the ideological and t communication work is thought to be improved; incentive measures are short-term and one-sided, the negative effects should not be ignored; the alienation of assessment system is serious, the openness and transparency are to be desired; export setting is to be strengthened in practice, and the stability of policy must be maintained; Thirdly, the policy subjects play game with each other for mutual benefits, and the policy implementation faces up to alienation and deformation, which mainly refers to the interest demand and behavior pattern of college graduates, the original village committee members and party and government principals in township, and so on; Fourthly, the cohesion of multiple policies needs to be strengthened, and the policy negative externalities begins to appear, mainly including the equity query of the policy of college graduates as village officials and other rural grassroots projects, college graduates as village officials and original village committee members.For the aspect of policy trend evaluating, the paper lists some basic ideas of a few famous experts and scholars, which can generally be expressed as "awful":the policy of college graduates as village officials has no markets, many problems and is of high cost" and the other "splendid":the policy of college graduates as village officials has wide prospect and is of strategic significance. The paper, from the perspective of urban and rural total development, puts forward and confirms the basic point:the policy of college graduates as village officials should be adhered and keep stable, but in the meantime, should be reformed and innovated.For the aspect of policy reform and innovation, the paper argues that, first, based on the current situation of rural grassroots governance system, we should set the role of college graduates as village officials to be "college graduates hired must be full membership in the CPC, and should be generally arranged the position of deputy secretary of the village party organization, and meanwhile, make a corresponding adjustment of the position rights and responsibilities; second, the establishment of the college graduates as village officials’office (Commission) in the organization department of all levels of governments is very necessary; third, according to the modern public human resource management theory, the policy of college graduates as village officials should adopt the new incentive model, which is lawful, fair, differential and floating; fourth, from the perspective of responding to the main interest demands of policy subjects, and improving the atmosphere of policy implementation, the economic and political treatment of the original village committee members should be gradual improved; fifth, Colleges and universities can and should be helpful in many ways to boost the policy of college graduates as village officials; sixth, in the field of capital raise, entrepreneurship training, training aid, export docking, and so on, the policy of college graduates as village officials can bring into the assistance of enterprises or social organizations. Of course, the relevant functional departments must do a good job of policy planning to prevent the potential moral hazard during introducing the force of the private sector; seventh, the paper contends that we should strengthen the coordination and integration of policies, and work together to improve the situation of low level of village talents.