Communication: Habermas Democracy And Rule Of Law

The communication, which is one of the category of democracy, already exists in the political history, and it is accompanied by the entire development process of political democracy. Communication can be recognized as the original method in the course from personal to social in the both type of direct democracy in Athens and the representative democracy. Thus the academic circles almost reach an agreement that to discuss the concept of representative democracy in the reality is a "return" rather than a creation. But Habermas translate the communication into another implication: being a conservative in modernity and postmodernity debate, he advocates a democratic theory to sustain the search for the legitimacy crisis of the capitalist, and transplanted it to democracy, then creates a democratic process that full of tension, which is commutation democracy. This political process what contains strong public properties in an attempt to replace representative democracy, direct democracy, and the private elite democracy which on the basis of former.Communication theory represents the intention of an inherent improvement of the social system of power. But these features have also bring some difficulties to the communication democracy, such as dislocation of logical starting point, and lack of process operability, and the empirical troubles when people finding consensus and doing decision-making. Compared with Marx logic, communication theory seems to be not so complete and rigorous enough. Its main analysis is not comprehensive and lack of determination to overcome the capitalist selfish as well as a neat reform charter. To be the backbone of the social superstructure evolution, communication theory still need to solve many problems.This paper is divided into four parts. The first part intend to introduce the evolution of the western public sphere, and analysis the change of the contemporary western public sphere that from private public sphere to the social public domain, which is the traction of social and political change, in order to preparing for the democratic theory discussing. The second part that base on Habermas’Between Facts and Norms refers to the sociology of democracy and how to achieve in the political sphere intend to do a comb about various democratic quality, and thus gives rise to the discuss of communication quality of. It is also a chance for democracy to regress to the neutral democracy that conforms to the public sphere transformation.The third part combines democracy and constitutionality with communication. The communication should be a political power, and this power can be programmed in a democracy and the rule of law program. Finally, if Habermas want to build communication system, he has to resolve three difficulties.The forth part compares Habermas’political communication theory with Marx’s political freedom thought. The latter includes individual production practices, relations of production, and grasps the true law of historical development. While communication political theory can only considered as an inner quality innovation, thus it lacks of practical and thorough historical revolutionary character.