On The Changing Trend Of Spatial Structure Of Employed Population Of Shanghai

In this paper, the author uses the working population in Shanghai as research object, and the research bases on data from the first census of basic units in1996and the second economic census of the streets of towns in2008, through the ArcGIS spatial analysis and spatial statistical functions on the changes of distribution of the employed population in Shanghai, and output the results in the form of tables, thematic maps and orientation diagrams. The contents of the study and founds mainly in the following aspects:Firstly, the spatial distribution of the employed population is basically the same with the spatial distribution of resident population in Shanghai, showing the highest density in the core area of central city, and thus the distribution pattern reduces to the edge of the central city area, peri-urban areas, suburban areas; the density difference is huge between the central city and suburbs. The economic activities in Shanghai are still mainly concentrated in20km away from the city center within the region.Secondly, the spatial change in the structure of the working population in Shanghai shows outward diffusion of the concentric circle. The distribution center of gravity of working population migrates to the southwest; the intersection point of density curve changes of working population is in the10kilometers and the overall performance shows the narrowing gap between the distribution of urban and suburban areas and the equalization trend.Thirdly, the high-density distribution range of employed population of Shanghai is shrinking, and the scope of medium-density range is expanding. The peak-density areas of employed population distribution is from concentration towards differentiation, Shanghai has gradually changed from single center with People’s Square and its surrounding area to three centers with People’s Square and Xujiahui, Lujiazui, which are one large and two smaller centers.Fourthly, from the aspect of relative distribution of intensity and by local specialization index, the regional specialization index of the employed population in the second industry gradually increased with the increasing distance from the city center, while the tertiary industry on the contrary. Within8km from the city center, the local specialization index of tertiary industry is much larger than the secondary industry;8-13km is the critical range which the index of the second industry goes beyond the tertiary industry step by step. Compared between1996and2008, the critical circle relocate outward about5kilometers, which means the tertiary industry in the central city is relatively clustering enhanced;13-23km is the range which the specialization index of the second industry becoming higher than that of tertiary industry, and gradually shows the relative strength of the secondary industry and the relatively weak of the tertiary industry, indicating that the degree of specialization of the secondary industry in the suburbs is strengthened; and outside the scope of23kilometers, the local specialization index of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry remained stable, forms the pattern of high-index of the second industry and low-index of the tertiary industry.Fifthly, the author used multi-center function model to simulate the spatial distribution of the employed population in Shanghai. From the aspect of fitting goodness, they were all above0.8, and compared to the year of1996, the number of areas which become regional center is also increased in2008, illustrating that the characteristics of multi-center more obvious throughout the city.