Research On The Obstacles And Teaching Strategies In Physics Problem-solving Using Problem Schemata

The problem-solving is always a hot point in the study of cognitive psychology. The key of the research on problem-solving has already turned to the realm of discipline. Now, the analysis in the cause of obstacle to problem-solving as well as its solutions is becoming more and more popular. While referring to physics, a large proportion of the high school students have some troubles in physics problem-solving. And it plagues the physical educators that how to promote this situation. However, current research is still too crude as most of them are derived from the experience of the front-line teachers. This article takes some efforts in the realm to try to solve some of the problems.The study is mainly based on the research of both the problem schema and the solution to subject problems in cognitive psychology. The participants in the research were from four classes in two grades. A lot of methods are combined here, such as the analysis of oral reports, the intervention experiment, tests. And the materials will be analyzed both in qualitative and quantitative methods.This research was divided into two parts. Firstly, according to the features of problem schemata, we analysis the mainly causes of the obstacles to the process of the physics problem-solving in the following four aspects:basic knowledge and skills, problem representation, strategies of problem-solving and the level of problem schemata. As the meta-cognitive monitoring and non-intellectual factors may lead to the obstacles, the research takes a consideration of them in the discussion. Secondly, we have an intervention experiment combining the obstacles that the students have been exposed in the physics problem-solving. Finally, the research gives some strategies on the basis of the analysis of the experiment results.The results show that the basic knowledge and skills, strategies of problem-solving, problem representation play a great role in problem-solving. Any problems of the three parts will lead to the failure. This research has used the problem schemata theory to help the students solve problems, and it achieves a rather good effect.