The Population Migration And Distribution Of Earthquake Disaster-prone Areas

Population distribution and migration has always been the sociological research areas of the hot issue in the context of different socio-economic development, population distribution and migration of showing a different variation. Development of the population changes related to social, economic and environmental aspects, the impact of population distribution and migration can be used to affect the situation as a whole "to describe. At present, the ever-closer interrelationship between population and resources, environment, economy, population distribution and migration process, from the influence of the ecological environment, natural resources and regional levels of economic development is also significantly enhanced."5-12Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the post-disaster resettlement of population distribution and migration issues once again highlighted the sudden earthquake disaster on the one hand caused by the large numbers of people in the region of casualties, on the other hand also had a lot to be resettlement of affected populations, due to the destruction of the living environment, the security issues "of the population had to take the population to migrate to solve. In this process, how to choose a scientific, rational, effective population migration resettlement mode to become the major issues to be solved, the redistribution of population Mode has also become the key to the continuation of response to disaster areas and population development.As a result, the paper select the "5-12" earthquake disaster occurred Longmen Mountain fault is to build disaster-prone areas of the population distribution and migration patterns as the ultimate goal. To analyze the many problems of the regions in the case of the earthquake and secondary disasters, regional population migration and population distribution, and propose appropriate coping strategies, thus forming a scientific, effective earthquake disaster-prone areas for disaster prevention, disaster reduction, population migration and distribution mechanism.Content in the paper, the first part is an overview of the Longmen Shan fault zone analysis, the Longmen Mountain fault zone in the junction of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Sichuan Basin, are extremely active in a complex tectonic movements makes the whole Longmenshan earthquake on the fault zone as well as secondary geological disasters occur frequently, such as landslides, landslides and mudslides frequent occurrence. Thus become one of China’s major earthquake belts. In its composition, the entire fault zone can be divided into three trunk fault zone, namely piedmont fault zone-Peng County-Guanxian fault zone, central fault zone-Beichuan-Yingxiu fault and the mountain fault zone-maowen-Wenchuan fault zone. Therefore related to the region, including the Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Maoxian, Wenchuan County, the city of Mianyang City Central and Beichuan County, Jiangyou City, County, Chengdu, Dujiangyan, Pengzhou, Chong City, Qionglai and Dayi County region, involving a population of626.3million.In the second part, the analysis of the geographical distribution of population and migration status quo, due to the different topography covered in the Longmen Shan fault zone, the overall distribution of the population shows obvious geographical color, that the population is relatively dense in the piedmont hilly region. Central mountain region is relatively dispersed population and population distribution is the most sparse mountain plateau mountain region. It can be said that the Longmen Mountain fault zone, the entire geographical area, population distribution as the characteristics of the terrain topography changes in the spatial variability is very obvious, and the population distribution is extremely uneven. The analysis then can be found in the social and economic characteristics of the region’s population of the Longmen Shan fault zone, geographical distribution of a large number of mountain poor and minority population. Found in the analysis of the flow of the region’s population, population migration characteristics of the region of the Longmen Shan fault zone mainly migrant workers, as well as the development of urbanization, population migration flows; and "5-12" after the earthquake disaster reconstruction and recovery the development has also caused large numbers of people forced migration flows, many of them for the relocation of population in the affected areas. The third part of the specific analysis of the Longmen Shan fault zone region exist many problems between population, environment, resources, economy, the overall performance:the population-resources-environment-economic imbalances. Within the region, seismic and geological disasters, fragile ecological environment as well as the western poverty alleviation and development in key areas and minority neighborhoods, integrated form of multiple properties characteristic of the Longmen Shan fault zone. Making the living environment of the region’s population is more severe, the change of the population living space that population migration redistribution becomes an inevitable choice. However, population migration and distribution of a very complex issue, the formation of a variety of factors combined resistance is the biggest obstacle in the process of implementation of the redistribution of population or population layout. The study found that:the development of the regional population into a population layout-resource development-ecological protection-economic development of mutual conflicts predicament.The fourth part focuses on population migration and distribution patterns of the Longmen Shan fault zone region, the first from the Wenchuan post-quake restoration and reconstruction, select the placement mode of which the representative population of Wenchuan Wolong Special Administrative Region of the rural population placement model, the new county seat of Beichuan site reconstruction mode, the Dujiangyan mode, Guangzhou-Wisconsin model and the Maoxian floor Tau Tsuen mode. The five kinds of population resettlement model encompasses almost all the ways of the regional population migration and distribution of resettlement, including in situ placement, placement of the nearest place focus on the overall placement and off-site relocation resettlement; also include specific implementation of the way, that is to co-ordinate urban and rural development, urbanization, rural communities, new construction, the entire village to promote their counterparts in support mode as well as industry relies on the development model. The population resettlement patterns case for the migration and distribution of the overall population of the Longmen Shan fault zone provides a good role model and Experience. Secondly, the functional areas of population development planning and construction of regional redistribution of population provides a scientific, effective and strategic solution. The restricted zone of the population and population evacuation (contraction) District for Migration and distribution of the Longmen Shan fault zone has a very effective practical significance. Resulting in the implementation of the regional population development functional areas of strategic planning, the space of the Longmen Shan fault zone region’s population redistribution level and become the inevitable choice in national development strategies. Again, the article at the end of Longmenshan fault zone, the geographical distribution of population and migration patterns to build for the study attempts to model built under the principle of population migration and the distribution of security policy, regional co-development principles, population migration and distribution the size of the principle of rationality as well as regional population, resources, environment, economic principles of sustainable development. In the concrete of the Longmen Shan fault zone population migration and distribution of the path choice, try to put: mutual unity of population safety and ecological protection; cities and towns and rural construction combined with each other; lifestyle and mode of production to adapt to each other; population development and regional economy each other to promote the harmonization of regional population development mode.The innovation of the paper are:First, the thesis to build a complete set of earthquake-prone areas of population migration and population distribution mechanism to co-ordinate the development of the regional population, economic resources, under the premise of disaster prevention, mitigation, and sustainable development, and its related outcomes has been widely used in similar geological hazard areas; in placement mode, through scientific and rational argument, according to local conditions, to establish a different mode of migration population resettlement, to avoid the population migration over-centralized and too dispersed; in the process of rural population migration, the construction of new rural communities and urbanization combined with which to form a wide range of population development model in an efficient way for disaster prevention, disaster reduction under the premise promote the transformation of the rural population development and urbanization.