Comparative Research On The Discipline Structure Of Higher Education Between China And America

Discipline is the foundation of management and teaching in the higher school.The relationships between subjects make up the structure of discipline. And thestructure of discipline can reflect quality of education, and in some ways we can alsosay that the structures of discipline control the quality of education. In the1990s,higher education reform entered a new stage, and we have to face the important taskthat the higher education of our nation must become powerful, so discipline and itsstructure gradually attract the attention of educators and national leader. However, inthe current situation, the existing disciplinary structure of higher education is difficultto adapt to the development of higher education and socio-economic development,and it needs to be improved. Countries in the world realize the important of higheducation; they try them best to improve their disciplinary structure in the educationreform. And they create many new ways, and provide experience for other countries.Learning the experience of other countries benefit to the adjustment of China’sdisciplinary structure of higher education and the improvement of higher education..In the paper, I make the comparison of disciplinary composition and the studentdistribution in every disciplinary between China and the USA. Analyzing thedisciplinary Composition in China and the USA, we can draw the conclusion: thedivision of professional disciplines in United States is more meticulous; The UnitedStates pay more attention to the development of the cross subject; China’s subjectstructure presents the polarization type, and the USA’s subject structure present abalanced type; and the United States pay more attention to applied science. Analyzingthe student distribution in every disciplinary, we conclude that in subject structure ofChina, agriculture’s proportion is low but still higher than the United States; Theproportion of the Chinese engineering is much higher than the United States, theproportion of the natural sciences lower than in the USA; the proportion ofmanagement, humanities and social science, medicine, education are lower than thosein the United States; the change of Chinese subject structure is greater, while theUnited States have flattened subject structure changes.