Comparative Study Of Governance Social Policies On Sex Ratio At Birth In The County Level In Western And Central Provinces

Since the1980s, the phenomenon of high sex ratio at birth has appeared in China,and increased year by year. The value of sex ratio at birth of many places is muchhigher than the upper limit of range. If the high sex ratio at birth can not be effectivelycontrolled, it will lead to a series of social problems and violate rights of the women’ssurvival and development. In the context, national governments, researchers and thegeneral public give a great deal of concern and attention on the high sex ratio at birth.In order to effectively control the rising sex ratio at birth and make it become normal,the central and local levels of governments that are not only from in the policyperspective, it is to say that constitute and introduce of various laws and regulationsand social policy, but also from the modern advocacy perspective that the use ofmodern advocacy networks to guide people to the formation of gender equality in thebirth of modern civilization, ideas and culture.In2003, the country launched the campaign of "Care for Girls", which use themethod of public policy to control the problem of the sex ratio at birth and guide andcorrect and protect the survival and development of girls and women, and advocategender equality concept of modern birth civilization. The main object is that thefamily which has the only son or daughter or daughters and the person of the girl andwomen.Based on the "Care for Girls"24pilot counties survey data and interview data,using grounded theory and establishing a analysis framework of china country-levelsex ratio at birth of the policy process.On the basis, select the policy of Yanchengcounty in the middle and Zhouzhi in the western as the object of the paper. Form thepolicy making process and policy implementation and policy effects of a comparativeanalysis, and draw similarities and differences, then tried to find the advantages ofYancheng and the weak of the Zhouzhi and gave the policy advice on the controllingthe sex ratio at birth of the western counties.The main innovations of the paper are as follows: First, establish a governanceframework of the sex ratio at birth for policy analysis. Based on data of the survey and qualitative survey and using a grounded theory, and analyzed the policy process of24"Caring for Girls" pilot counties’ policy. Then from the policy making process andimplementation and effect of polices in policy analysis and elaboration. Last the papercame to the analysis framework and provided reference to the various counties ofcontrolling the high sex ratio at birth.Second, the sex ratio at birth in central and western district level governance in acomparative study of social policy. China’s eastern province of literature is more oncontrol of the sex ratio at birth of the city, but few in the central and western provincesor cities, especially in central and western counties of relatively less different. Basedon the YC and ZZ County area of sex ratio at birth control two counties comparativeanalysis of social policy, from policy making process, policy implementation andeffects of policies in three areas of policy analysis and elaboration, draw two countiesDistrict of strengths and weaknesses of the west sex ratio at birth in governance at thehigh level theoretical and practical aspects of learning.The article’s main conclusions: First, look at the policy formulation process hasbeen initially set up the interest-oriented social policy system, but there are someprovisions of the lack of representation is unclear and operation and other problems.Second, the view from the policy implementation process, organizationsrepresenting women’s interests and level of participation of civil society organizationsis still low, the lack of support of the PMO and care to do the cooperation andleadership can not form a good co-operation mechanism. Lack of oversightmechanisms, and monitoring operational and oversight responsibilities are not clear.Third, the effect from the policy point of view, the sex ratio at birth to a certainextent, reduced, low awareness of the masses of the preferential policies, to assist themasses less marriage and childbearing concept is not fundamentally change.