Research On Improving Old-age Service System In Shanghai

With the development of social economy, with the improvement of economy andliving standard, with the change of traditional pension model and family structures, thedegree of population aging has becoming more strengthened. Especially with the theobvious aging development trend, it not only brought more social service needs for theaged, and higher demands for services. Since Shanghai entered the aging society in1979,the population aging has showed not only a rapid development, but also an accelerativetrend. Moreover, Shanghai is also facing dual pressures of population aging and old agingpopulaion. It requires higher demands on the service for the aged. So Shanghai shouldaccelerate the improvement of old-age service system.This paper analyzes Shanghai old-age services status in different sides, includinginstitution-care services, home-care services, medical services and entertainment services.It was found out that the items for healthy elders were variety and the ones for those whounable to care for self are not enough. Namely, true old-age service items could not meetthe requirement of the elderly.The paper not only constructs cubic curve and logistic regression model to predict thehousehold population and its age structure, but also adopts realistic bilinear open-dynamicpopulation model to predict changes of Shanghai population structure. Both two predictedresults show that aging population will more serious and it will inevitably bring about theincrease in demand for services. So it is very important to speed up improvement ofold-age service system in Shanghai.In order to have a good grip on supply and demand for elderly welfare services, thispaper makes a research. The research has revealed that the aged have various needs of lifecare, medical nursing and entertainment. Moreover, according to the aged’s own peculiarity, life care and medical nursing play significant roles to the aged especially to those who arepoor health. We hypothesize that self-care indepentence is the only motive to chooseinstitution care. To take into account the objective fact that physique decreased graduallywith the age increasing, the paper establish a simple aged model to predict the demands ofcare institution beds and staff and come to a conclusion that the number of beds and staff isnot enough to meet the institution care demand. To uleriorly predict service resourcesdevelopment trends, and compare with the demand trends, we can find that both supplyand demend will rise with the development of aging population. However, service recoursecannot meet the needs due to demand has been growing at a faster pace than supply.Because of manpower, funds and material limitations, the old-age services system isfaced with the problem that policy regulation is imperfect, facilities distribution isunreasonable, the staff is inadequate and the fund input is insufficient. Therefore, in theprocess of consummate old-age services system, the government should mobilize allpositive factors and give priority to the most urgent problem while promoting thedevelopment of the whole service system.Finally, taking into account both the status quo in Shanghai and internationalexperience, the paper stick to the development concepts that ‘the aged self-assistance aspremise and family-support as foundation, home-care as mainstay and institution-care assupplement’ while further improving Shanghai old-age services system. And then, thispaper put forward some countermeasures and suggestions as followed: perfect the legalenvinment of old-age service system, increase financial input of services, improve theplanning management of facilities, improve the quality of service, enrich the service items,prefect the evaluation mechanisms of service.