Study On The Background Of Coordinating Urban-rural Development Re-employment Of Land-lost Peasants

With the accelerating process of urbanization, about 70 villages disappeared every day, and thousands of villages disappeared every year in the administrative territory of China. According to Ministry statistics, from 1987 to 2001, national non-agricultural construction land occupid 3396.6 Mu cultivated land, therefore 35 million peasants at least lost or reduced their land. The related researches of China’s Ministry of Land and Natural Resources also pointed out that even if our country strictly control the scale of national constracton land, it will still occupy 5450 mu cultivated land in the new 30-year from 2001 to 2030, so the new 7,800 million peasants will lose their land. With an increasing number of rural land transfered into urban land, the new social groups, land-lost peasants, are formed and rapidly growing.Thus their employment has become the burden of social sustainable and healthy development, and it can trigger a new social contradictions and conflicts at any time. Seventeenth Party Congress stressed that we should build a harmonious society with emphasis on livelihood issues, yet the employment of land-lost peasants is the key to people’s livelihood, so we should plan comprehensively from the perspective of scientific development concept, to solve the employment problems of land-lost peasants, which is of great practical significance for the full realization of the well-off society.June 7,2007, the National Development and Reform Commission officially approved Chengdu as a national comprehensive reform pilot area of coordinating urban-rural development, and required Chengdu to take the first breakthrough on the core issues in the key areas.Since urban-rural development is the inevitable problem of land-lost peasants, solve the employment of the land-lost peasants is the key to success of urban-rural development. Based on this, the author from the view of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Important Thought of Three Represents and Scientific Concept of Development,and combinating other important economics and sociology theory, then taking Chengdu for example, surveyed and analyzed re-employment of land-lost peasants in the process of urban-rural development. The current employment situation of land-lost peasants is not ideal, arid its main features are as follows:serious structural unemployment, a higher proportion of unemployed again, more common hidden unemployment, and unstable employment.The knowledge and skills levels of land-lost peasants is low, whose employment and entrepreneurship concept behind, but the expected income is higher. However the amount of labor is increasing, and the industrial structure continues to upgrade in the process of the social and economic development, business requirements to the staff are also increasing. Coupled with recent tremendous graduate employment and impact of international financial crisis, the simple labor supply exceeds social demand greatly. What’s more, asymmetric labor market information, the imperfect employment service system, and discriminated employment institution seriously hindered the re-employment of the land-lost peasants.Finally, the article explores a variety of methods for the re-employment of land-lost peasants. At first, we should accelerate economic development, especially labor-intensive enterprises with local characteristics and tertiary industry, in order to increase employment opportunities; Second, the Government should organize classified training, change the concept of employment, improve the quality and skills of land-lost peasants, increase employ ability and competitiveness, and develop talent as far as possible with their individual training; Third, more and more green channels and guidance should be provide by the Government to encourage the peasants to start their own businesses and expand channels of employment for the other peasants; The fourth is to improve employment service system, and actively play the role of the town, street, and intermediary organizations, facilitate the obtainment of labor’s export services and employment information; The fifth is to establish a sound social security system for land-lost peasants so as to eliminate their worries and promote their re-employment.In short, the generation of land-lost peasants is the inevitable product of economic and social development,especially urban-rural coordination.The author hope that it can provide theoretical and practical basis for urban-rural development in Chengdu and socialist new countryside construction through field research and analysis.