To Perfect Our Vertical Transfer Payment System Research

Over the past decade, the ecological and environmental problems have been paidmore attention by many countries. It is not just the performance of the reduction ofspecies and the degradation of ecosystem. The developing countries often gain theconsequences of the ecological destruction, while the developed countries are not. Inthe process of ecosystem degradation, the poor are more easily damaged, while theaffluent groups can get the best. China that is a developing country has to raise theawareness of ecological and environmental problems, and develop reasonable policiesand measures as soon as possible.Under the current situation of China’s overall eco-compensation mechanism, it ismore difficult to reach that the inter-regional horizontal ecological compensationimplements because of the high cost of local government negotiations. Thegovernment still places the primary situation in the emissions trading way.Longitudinal central and local ecological compensation often is a project and has anarrow range. Until 2011, the transfer payment of the national key ecological functionzones is formally promulgated, and its content has been further improved. Overall, thegovernment force still plays an important role in the mechanism of China’s ecologicalcompensation.When the system of the horizontal ecological compensation and the emissionstrading are improved step by step, it is not realistic to give full play to the advantagesof both systems in the short time. However, the China’s ecological and environmentalproblems are urgent to solve. So I select the China’s vertical eco-system of transferpayments on the ecological function zoning. It is compatible with the Chinagovernment-led status quo of ecological compensation, but it also helps to solve theurgent ecological and environmental problems. And it promotes the ongoingecological and environmental protection in China.My paper is based on ecological function zoning to avoid the complexity ofeco-environmental indicators in previous studies. At the same time, I learn thesuccessful practices of the United States and Brazil in the ecological transferpayments. And I design the longitudinal ecological system of transfer payments onthe basis of the ecological function zoning.First of all, I arrange and analyze the study of domestic and internationalecological compensation and ecological system of transfer payments. And then Iestablish the main ideas and direction of my paper. In the second chapter, I define the detailed concepts. And I also illustrate thetheory of the ecological system of transfer payments, such as the theory of ecosystemservices value, the theory of public goods, externalities theory and the theory ofsustainable development. This makes my paper more clear and reasonable.In the third chapter, I analyze the necessary to build the transfer payment systembased on ecological function zones. At the starting point, I study the China’secological environment protection, as well as resources development requirements.Later, I analyze the implementation of the difficult situation of China’s. I concludethat it is necessary to establish horizontal eco-system of transfer payments on theecological function zoning.In the Chapter IV, I describe the practice of transfer payments of the UnitedStates and Brazil, and summer up their successful experience. Firstly, in the UnitedStates’practice of transfer payments, the ecological system of environmentalindicators is a better approach. Secondly, in Brazil’practice of the transferlongitudinal ecological, the allocation formula of the ecological environmentcompensation fund is worth.The fifth chapter is the focus of this article. I elaborate the overall framework ofthe vertical transfer payment system based of the ecological function zoning. Firstly, Idiscuss the object of compensation, and then analyze the source of funds. I proposethat the tax revenue is based in China. Secondly, I study the accounting methods ofthe eco-compensation standard and pose the ecological function zones characterizedby eco-standard transfer payment. Finally, I make the exposition about the system ofmonitoring indicators. It includes indicators of the eco-environmental quality andservice quality.In the last part, I try to build supporting facilities to make smooth and effectiveimplementation of the system. It includes the legal system, the tax system, theemissions trading market and ecological system of transfer payments.