Since The Founding Of China’s Rural Land Institutional Change Logic

Land has been a material basis for human survival and development since the human world came intobeing. Marx pointed out:"Land is the source of all production and all survival." The Land issue has alwaysbeen an economic and political issues closely watched by governments around the world. Concerning titleto land ownership and land use right with a variety of institutional arrangement and the system is running,has been working with social change, the fate of the nation, the people’s ability to live and work in closecontact with. Our country is an agricultural country with five thousand years of history of agriculturaldevelopment, and agricultural population the vast majority of the country’s population, land for people isnot only an important guarantee for farmer to invest in the accumulation of wealth but also an importantway to transfer wealth to the next generation. As the basic fundamental rule of rural governance, landregulation not only affects the allocation of land resources and land resource use efficiency, but also greatlyimpacts the stability of rural society and rural community of fairness and justice.China’s rural land system has gone through land reform, socialist transformation of agriculture, familycontracting business, the people primitive commune, four major significant transforms.Land reformchanged the feudal private ownership of land into the farmers’ land ownership, for the Communist Party ofChina to cultivate a great quantity loyal followers, laid the foundation for the consolidation of the newregime. After the completion of land reform, small independently, thus there were some difficulties tolaunch in the nation. So at the call of the central, farmers operate is not conducive to resist series of naturaldisasters and single farmers operating co-operative movement gradually established. The farmers’ privateown of the land system was changed into collective ownership, and established a people’s primitive commune system. Result, there appears the phenomenon of labor does not contribute people’s communesystem to implement the purchase and sale, according to work points to allocate the reward for labor. Itlacked of incentive motivation, and hindered the development of rural productivity. In1977,18peasents ofXiao gang Village who spearheaded by the land contracting movement.finally the whole country appeareda phenomenon that is culminating in the rural collective land ownership, household contract management,long-term stability of the right to contract, to encourage the legitimate flow of a new set of complete landsystem, which speed up the modernization process in China, has laid a solid foundation for China’sfarming healthy and rapid development, and social long-term stability.With the acceleration of the rapid development of China’s market economy and socialistmodernization of the construction, the rural land system exposed more and more problems and defects.Rural society in some places seriously lack series of land resources under the modernization drive, and insome places there are large areas of land in idle waste of land resources. Such as the land can not beeffective and rational use, conflicts of land acquisition, farmland huge loss the life of the peasants can notbe guaranteed, and land right is illegal transferred in the market. As we all know that all of theshortcomings can not quickly and efficiently solved about the serious land problems of land use rightstransfer, etc.. These issues will be a serious threat to China’s food security and rural social security andstability, and address rural and urban areas.the gap between rich and poor is too large, and had a verynegative impact on increasing farmers’ incomes. From the deepest causes of the phenomenon, it is causeddue to the imperfections of our current implementation of the land system.At present, China’s rural land system is facing the crucial point of institution change, and we all caneasily notice the importance and urgency of the rural land system. By examining the previous land reformsto identify lessons and Chinese characteristics, also combining with the present situate Since the human world ion of China’s rural land system, this essay has many references to solve the existing problems in therural land system in China as well as important theory and practical significance.