Study On Prevention And Control Of The Risk Of Chongqing Land Tickets Transaction System

Chongqing as the national overall urban and rural comprehensive reform experimental zone, in order to alleviate the contradiction of between tight supply of urban construction land and inefficient use of rural construction land, combined with the national policy of increase and decrease connection of urban and rural construction land, creative design of the land tickets transaction system. Land ticket is a certificate of construction land, that farmer or the rural collective economic organization reclaimed idle rural construction land, and strict acceptance inspection by the land management department. The land tickets transaction system is not only an innovation of connecting urban and rural construction land, but also the practice of foreign transfer of development rights (TDR) system in China. The Land tickets transaction system relieved the bottleneck problem of the urban construction land in the process of urbanization, and liquidized the low utilization rate of rural land. The system has played an active role in building the integrated urban and rural construction land market, to promote Chongqing urban and rural comprehensive reform and a new socialist countryside construction.However, with any one system of innovation, the land tickets transaction system inevitably contains some defects and potential risk in practice, severely restricting their normal operation and future development. In the second half of 2010. the research group which of ministry of land and resources came to Chongqing to carry out a survey of the land tickets transaction system. They not only approbated the system, but also proposed ten problems which should further research. One of them is to research the risk and prevention of the land tickets transaction system. Therefore, accurately identify the risks of the land tickets transaction system, assess the importance of risks, propose the targeted risk prevention measures, and establish an effective risk prevention and control system is current reality and urgent research topic.The object of this article is the risk of the land tickets transaction system, and the line of research is land tickets transaction system performance evaluation, risk identification, risk assessment, and risk prevention. This article uses brainstorm ing and the Delphi method qualitatively identify the risk of the land tickets transaction system, uses AHP, fuzzy analysis and comprehensive evaluation method quantitatively assess the risk, propose the prevention and control measures, and design the risk prevention and control system of the land tickets transaction system. Conclusions of the study as follows:1. Evaluated the overall operating effectiveness of the land tickets transaction systemSince the transaction is running, Chongqing country land exchange institute organized 25 games fair, exchanged 5906.67 hn2 of land tickets, a deal amount is 17.5 billion Yuan. The land tickets transaction system has made significant benefits in social, economic and ecological aspects as its running. First, it innovates land replacement model between the rural collective construction land and the urban construction land, establishes the land factor markets of the unified market. Second, it displays of the value of rural land, increase farmer’s income as total of 17.5 billion Yuan, and optimize the spatial distribution of rural land. Third, the land balance mode that "the first replenishment" alternates "front-end post-meeting" adds 5906.67 hm2、achieving the balance of Chongqing arable land. Overall, the operation of the system has made significant contribution in urban and rural development of Chongqing.2. Qualitatively identified the risk of the land tickets transaction systemBased on the principle of systematic, comprehensive, dynamic and whole course, used brainstorming and the Delphi method qualitatively identify the risk of the land tickets transaction system. The risk of land tickets transaction system includes seven aspects and 24 risk points:First, the risk of the protection of cultivated land, include the quality assurance of reclaimed cultivated land, the balance of cultivated land and risk of abandonment of cultivated land.Second, the impact risk on the government’s macroeconomic management. The specific aspects are the impact to land management, the impact to land use planning, the impact to urban land supply, the impact to the policy of increase and decrease connection of urban and rural construction land, and the impact to the current land requisition system. Third, the risk of urban and rural unbalance development. As follows:it does not fully take into account rural needs, improves the cost of development land, result in unbalance among regional development.Fourth, farmers’rights and interests can’t be protected. The reclamation dominant position and the transaction dominant position of the farmers should be improved, the security features of homestead need to consider carefully, and the landless farmers’rights should be fully guaranteed.Fifth, the interests of land tickets buyers cannot be fully guaranteed. The "packaged" way affects land tickets trading order, land ticket holders’rights has not been protected, and restrict the transfer of land tickets is not conducive to long-term development.Sixth, the risk of the real estate market, include the risk of real estate prices rise, and the impact of the real estate market.Seventh, the run risk of land tickets transaction system. As follows:the supply of land tickets are insufficient, the risk of rural collective organization rent-seeking, the risk of construction land two-track, and the risk of designed failed to achieve.3. Quantitatively assessed the risk of the land tickets transaction systemBased on risk assessment, the land tickets transaction system integrated risk value is 46.3732, not too low but still within control. In accordance with the relative severity of the risk, seven major risks can be followed by sorting as follows:the risk of protecting the interests of farmers, the risk of the impact of the government’s macro-management, the risk of protecting cultivated land, the run risk of land tickets transaction system, the risk of protecting the interests of land tickets buyers, the risk of urban and rural unbalance development, and the risk of real estate market. The risk values were 15.0692,10.3843,7.9263,6.2349,3.1684,2.9505 and 0.6396.4. Proposed the land tickets transaction system risk prevention and control measuresBased on identification and assessment of the risk of land tickets transaction system, propose the following measures:to protect farmers’legal rights and interests, to strengthen government land macro-control ability, to effectively protect cultivated land, to properly maintain to the interest demands of land ticket buyers, and to gradually improve the land tickets transaction system.5. Designed the risk prevention and control system of land tickets transaction systemLearn risk management and systems engineering, for prevent the new risk of land tickets transaction system, designed a risk prevention and control system of land tickets transaction system. This system includes organizational system, monitoring system and evaluation system.