Study On Public Participation In Land Share-holding Cooperative System

Land is a scarce resource which the mankind heavily relies on for survival and development, and land institution is the primary economic institution of our country. Since the middle1980’s, land share cooperation system, which is a type of institution innovation of China rural land institution, has been developing as the development of rural productivity and of rural land rights. This land institution innovation refreshes the rural areas, especially the rural areas of the developed districts.The main participants in the land share cooperation system include not only the great amount of farmers, but also the government, primary organizations, as well as the social groups, enterprise and institutions, as the system develops. From this perspective, it’s essential to build a scientific and reasonable public participation mechanism in the rural land share cooperation system. This helps to coordinate between different participants and to motivate the development of land share cooperation system.The causes, current situation of development and problems existent for the rural land share cooperation system are widely explored by scholars. But the public participation problem is seldom explored. Therefore, this article refers to the domestic and international theories and method systems on public participation and policy designing, systematically researches on public participation in rural land share cooperation system. The specific research includes:the theories, subjects defining, models choosing and the reasons for the lack of public participation, the system frame, as well as the empirical study of it.This article contains four parts:the first part is about relevant theories, the second part is case studies, the third part is about system framing and the last part is conclusions and policy suggestions.Through research, conclusions are as follows:First, public participation was generated with the innovation of the land share cooperation system, and it’s essential for them to be compatible. The participation and promotion role of the government and primary groups could be better embodied, and better performed.Second, public participation reflects the progress of democracy. It helps to prevent selfishness in the process of decision-making of the government and the primary groups. Therefore, the rights and interests of the farmers are protected and realized.Third, at presence, public participation in the rural land share cooperation system is still in the preliminary process of relying on the government and the primary groups, lacking the active involvement of the farmers.Fourth, given that the public participation of the land share cooperation system is still in public notification and "three committees", lacking a systematical theory system, as well as generally acknowledged, feasible and effective regulations. The frame of theories of public participation in the land share cooperation system should include goal setting, model choosing, general procedure and ways of participation.Last, based on the above research, this article comes up with an idea of promoting the real participation of farmers, and urging the primary groups to become a selfishless and serving organization. The government should provide various supports and guarantees for public participation, and should perfect the laws and regulations.