| The "Outline of the National Program for Long-and Medium-Term Scientific and Technological Development (2006-2020)" had explicitly proposed strategic objectives of enhancing the capability of independent innovation and building an innovative country, which indicated that independent innovation has been promoted to a national strategy level. Innovation-driven has become the only way for our economic development. By the implementation of a series of planning recently, which include Energizing the Central Region Strategic and Wuhan "8+1" City Circle, the strategic role that Hubei plays in central region and the whole country is becoming more and more prominent. In particular, Wuhan East Lake New Technology Development Zone was approved to be a "national independent innovation demonstration zone" at December8th,2009. It is committed to become a national strategic emerging industries agglomeration district, a technological innovation resources radiation area and an independent innovation mechanism demonstration zone. Besides, it is to be a functions core area of innovative urban, which integrated with functions like industry, university, research, occupancy, and service. Hubei Province is becoming an important fulcrum of the national innovation strategy.As the most active industry in technological innovation in knowledge-based economic activities it is, high-tech industry has become the pillar of a country’s economy and the core factor in national economic competitiveness. High-tech industry has high permeability and knowledge dependence, whose core competitive capacity depends on its innovation capability. However, due to the complexity and risk of innovation activities, a new organization form is needed to integrate innovative resources, knowledge and technology innovation, while industry-university-research cooperation is just the right innovative model. By combining education, technology and economic organically from the cooperation of university, research institutions and industry, industry-university-research cooperation is widely applied in the domestic and foreign high-tech industry innovation.Hubei is abundant in scientific and technological resources. Having120regular institutions of higher education,798high-tech enterprises,1,564scientific research and development institutions by2010, Hubei has a enormous capacity for industry-university-research cooperation innovation of high-tech industry. As the implementation of "Construction Scheme of Industrial Technological Innovation Strategic Alliance","Platform Construction Scheme of Industry-university-research Cooperative Innovation" and so on, industry-university-research cooperation in Hubei has gained a benign development. During the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, there were almost100,000enterprises,1,273universities and research institutes involved in industry-university-research cooperation here, and Obtained above50,000results by cooperative development or transformation. Ten characteristic industrial clusters were formed here whose output value exceeded10billion RMB. In addition, Hubei has deepened the awareness and ability of industry-university-research cooperation by constructing of site and innovative service platform. But Hubei still has some shortages. On one hand, dislocation among higher education, technology and economic is still very serious during industry-university-research cooperation at the awareness and institutional aspect. Besides the loose corporation form, most alliance is still at a lower level and don’t have a long-term, systemic and stable cooperation. What’s more, the mechanisms and institutions which based on market principles totally have not been formed yet. On the other hand, the High-tech Development Zones in Hubei are lack of integrated linkage mechanism. Industry and technology association between the enterprises and institutions in the development zones is not strong enough. Industrial division&cooperation network and industrial clusters that are mutual support and interdependent are not formed. Industry-university-research cooperation in high-tech industry of Hubei needs to be further strengthened.The performance research on industry-university-research cooperative activities can effectively reflect the strengths and weaknesses in the whole process. Therefore, in the context of the national innovation strategy, the research on industry-university-research cooperation performance in high-tech industry of Hubei has great theoretical and practical significances. At the beginning of this article, the theoretical connotation of high-tech industry and industry-university-research cooperation is analyzed. A literature review of issues related to performance evaluation of industry-university-research cooperation is elaborated. On the basis of sufficient learning from the predecessors’ research outcomes, this article constructs a preliminary index system combined with the measure framework for innovations in "Oslo Manual" and "Frascati Manual". The index system includes three first grade indexes and27second indexes First grade indexes include input, output and the connection of actors. After that, the article makes a quantitative test using the data related to industry-university-research cooperation of high-tech industry in31provinces and cities of China from2009to2010. The study shows that, due to the characteristics of industry-university-research cooperation, the performance evaluation can be more practical for the perspective of mainstay. The revised index system includes four indexes:the cooperative ability of university, enterprise, R&D institutions and the connection strength of actors. And, unlike universities, R&D institutions are more research-oriented and have lower teaching tasks, which can explain why they are more inclined to participate in the whole process of knowledge and technology transformation. To a certain extent, the connection strength of actors and R&D institutions’ability to cooperate can be summarized as the ability to cooperate among the actors.Based on the examined index system, this article carries out an objective performance evaluation of industry-university-research cooperation of high-tech industry in31provinces and cities of China by using entropy method and cluster analysis. It shows that the maximum weight of the indexes is enterprises’cooperative ability, universities’ cooperative ability followed, and the third is the connection strength of actors, while the minimum is R&D institutions’cooperative ability. For each actor, the weight of inputs is higher than that of outputs. When comes to the total score of31provinces and cities in China, regional distribution is uneven as the cooperative performance of high-tech industry in east is significantly higher than that of the west. With the implementation of national strategy, such as Western Development Strategy and Energizing the Central Region Strategic, it is higher on year-on-year growth rate of cooperative performance in some central and western regions. But taking the absolute amount gap of industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry into account, there is still a large gap between these regions and the eastern. For the performance of industry-university-research cooperation of high-tech industry in31provinces and cities, Hubei climbs one place in2010than that in2009. Cluster analysis shows that industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry in Hubei is at the lower level in2009, while at the medium in2010. Just behind of Anhui, The year-on-year growth rate of Hubei province ranks second. At the aspect of cooperative performance source in high-tech industry in Hubei, the highest score of all the factors is universities’ cooperative ability, and the second is the connection strength of actors, while the lowest is enterprises’cooperative ability. The main factors’ score of industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry from high to low is the connection strength of actors, enterprises’ cooperative ability, and universities’cooperative ability from weights of the indexes. Therefore, the distribution proportion of the main factors of industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry in Hubei is not reasonable enough. This largely affected the industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry in Hubei. Further analysis of the score of main factors shows that the increasing of industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry in Hubei is mainly owing to the rapid growth of the connection strength of actors, and the growth of universities’ cooperative ability followed, while enterprises’ cooperative ability is decreased.Based on the analysis above, this article puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the industry-university-research cooperation performance of high-tech industry in Hubei combined with the cooperation experience of well-known regions domestic and foreign. The countermeasures and suggestions include the promotion of guidance status of government, the transformation of university function, the strengthening of enterprise’s subject position and the connection of actors. |
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