Study On The Relationship Between The Change Of Industry Structure And Employment Structure

Rational industrial structure and employment structure is one of precedent conditions for the healthy development of the national economy. Therefore, in order to improve the process of industrial structure rationalisation, several suitable policies of industrial development must be formulated by government. Meanwhile, the adjustment of industrial structure must influence the fluctuation of employment structure, in order to achieve the industry the rationalization of the structure. A reasonable industrial structure will lead the employment structure to a healthy developmental direction, unreasonable industrial structure will cause imbalance in the structure of employment. On the other hand, the employment structure itself has a relative independence; it will be counterproductive in the industrial structure. Thus, rational policies of employment are crucial important. However, to develop reasonable and effective policies of industrial structure and employment structure requires a deep understanding of the relationship between changes in industrial structure and the changes in employment structure. In order to promote the coordinated development of the industrial structure and employment structure, this paper mainly carries out research in the following five areas:First, a detailed analysis of the evolution process of industrial structure and employment structure since the reform and opening up is given at first, and then, such as structural deviation coefficient, coefficient matrix and employment elasticity are used for validating the characteristics of the changes in China’s industrial structure and employment structure. Second, start from the analysis of factors that influencing the changes in industrial structure and employment structure; this paper clarifies the process of interaction between the two, and brings forward the mechanisms of this kind of influence. Then, by using a neural network model, this paper simulated the process of China’s industrial structure changes impacting on the employment structure, and the result confirmed the interaction mechanism between the change in industrial structure and the change employment structure. Third, from the input-output efficiency point of view, this paper established a model through data envelopment analysis, and then analyzed the size and trend of the interaction between China’s industrial structure changes and employment structure changes by the model. Finally, examine the impact of changes in industrial structure on the long-term and short-term unemployment rate via the error correction model.The results showed that:First, the transfer speed of surplus labor from agriculture industry to service industry in China’s is too slow. The labor absorptive capacity of service industry is not strong enough. In order to improve the development of service industry, we must focus on adjusting the internal structure of the service industry. The same time, the labor absorptive capacity of the secondary industry is also apparent. We should focus on the development of light industry. Second, changes in the secondary industry will result in rising of unemployment rate; changes in the service industry will result in falling unemployment rate. At the same time, after a change of unemployment rate caused by shifting of industrial structure which is due to extern-shock, the unemployment rate need more than5years to return to its long-term level. Finally, changes in employment structure is playing an increasingly and significant role in China’s industrial structure. Thus, the Government should pay attention to the guidance and adjustments in the structure of employment.