Sichuan Province Agricultural Labor Shortage Problem Research

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, the development of agriculture is directly related to the country’s social stability and people’s well-being. China is a populous country, and must rely on their own to solve the people’s clothing, food, shelter, line problems. The agricultural labor force is a key input factor in agricultural production, their professional standards, professional skills, directly impact on the level of development of agriculture. Due to our long-term urban-rural dual economic system, there is a huge gap between urban and rural areas, leading to a massive shift of rural labor to cities, making the growing shortage of labor force engaged in agricultural production. With a large number of knowledge, skills of rural youth labor force is transferred to the city, agricultural labor force presents the aging, female tendency, to China’s agricultural development has brought severe challenges.Agricultural labor shortage has many causes. First, our long-term existence of dual economic system makes a huge gap between the urban and rural areas, to promote the rural labor to urban mobility. Second, the government throws inadequacy to agricultural finance, rural infrastructure is backward, restricted the development of rural economy. Third, the rural labor force of mass transfer to the cities, but the city’s human capital is rarely flow to the rural. Fourth, the development of township enterprises lag behind, can not fully absorb the rural labor force. Fifth, The second generation of migrant workers are reluctant to engage in agricultural production, making follow-up source of agricultural labor is worrying.Agricultural labor shortages brought many negative effects on rural economic development. First, the low quality of agricultural labor force, reducing the agricultural labor productivity, hindered the development of modern agriculture. Secondly, the shortage of agricultural labor force has led to reduced food production and the realization of the threat to food security. Third, rural to urban economic development transportation a lot of labor, the city has not been able to provide human capital support for rural development. The shortage of agricultural labor force is not conducive to the construction of rural infrastructure. Fifth, the rural population to urban areas, making the rural market shrinking, is not conducive to the development of rural secondary and tertiary industries.In order to solve the shortage of rural labor, the government needs to take comprehensive measures. First, the Government should increase investment in rural areas, strengthen rural infrastructure construction. Secondly, the Government should establish a sound land transfer system, prompting the focus of land to the large grain in order to achieve economies of scale. Third, the Government should actively building of the agricultural social service system, provide a full various aspects of support for rural economic development. Fourth, the Government should strengthen the vocational education for farmers, training of professional farmers. Fifth, actively to the development of leading enterprises and farmers’ professional cooperation economic organizations, and improve the level of mechanization of agricultural production.The contribution of the paper is a detailed analysis of the reasons for the shortage of agricultural labor and the impact of, and put forward recommendations to solve the problem. In addition, I with the task group to the country undertook investigating, can objectively reflect the actual situation of the shortage of rural labor.