Studies On R&D Efficiency And Its Factors Of Chinese Petrochemistry Industries

Petrochemical industry has become a pillar industry of China, and its R&D activity iskey to guide technology innovation and achieve technological progress. In view of this, itis necessary to study the R&D efficiency and its factors of petrochemistry industry.Firstly, this paper analyzes the R&D inputs and outputs of China’s petrochemicalindustry as a whole and its six sub-sector respectively from a more comprehensive andintuitive view, based on which, this paper uses the DEA and Malmquist mode analyzingthe R&D efficiency of six petrochemical industries from both static and dynamic aspects,and the utilization ratio of R&D input is also analyzed. The results show that, thesub-industries of intensive R&D investment almost are those of higher R&D efficiency,for example, Manufacture of Chemical Fibers, Manufacture of Rubber, Manufacture ofPlastics are the sub-industries with the highest proportion of R&D investment, the R&Defficiencies of which are also in the forefront of the petrochemical industry, this study alsofinds that the main constraints of China’s petrochemical industry R&D efficiency is thescale efficiency of R&D. The R&D efficiency of petrochemical sub-industries doesn’tincrease continuously, and the upgrading processes of technological progress and technicalefficiency are not consistent. In general, the R&D efficiency of the Extraction ofPetroleum and Natural Gas, Manufacture of Plastics grows more slowly or even decreasefrom2003, however, the R&D efficiency of the other four sub-industries grows relying onboth technology efficiency and technological progress.In view of the overall characteristics of the petrochemical industry, this paper chosefour factors： the number of firms, the scale of firm, technological improvementsexpenditures, the government R&D funds, and made four hypothesis about the correlationbetween the four factors and the R&D efficiency respectively. And use the Tobitregression model to test the hypothesis, drawing a conclusion：the effect of these fourfactors on the six petrochemical sub-industries is not the same. Based on the finding, thispaper puts forward different R&D efficiency improvement measures and policysuggestions according to different petrochemical sub-industries.