A Study On The Optimization Of Export Structure Of China’s Machinery And Electronic Products In The New Trade Barriers

With the rapid development of world economy and trade, the proportion of trade in machinery and electronic products in global trade is increasing. Mechanical and electrical industry is one of the very significant industries in the world economic development; it also plays a very important role in our national economic development. The trade of the machinery and electronic products of China keeps ranking first for16years in our foreign trade since the trade of the machinery product exceeded the trade of textile products in1995. In2011, China’s machinery and electronic products exports amounted to1.08559trillion U.S. dollars, accounting for57.2percent of total exports in the same period. The ever growing export of machinery and electronic products not only pushes the economy of China but also promotes the updating of our industry structure. Over the years, the rate of China’s machinery and electronic products grows rapidly, the proportion of this product in international trade is also increasing year by year, but many problems still exist in the structure of China’s export of the product, such as the major export commodity is the labor-intensive products, low technical content, additional value is very low, export market is too concentrated. Especially when there are more and more technical barriers to trade, low-carbon barriers and intellectual property barriers, updating the trade structure of China’s export of machinery and electronic products is imperative.This article consists of six parts. The first part is about of the current research on trade structure and the machinery and electronic products. The second part is about the theory basis of the optimization structure of trade, mainly including the traditional trade structure theory, the new trade theory, the Competitive Advantage of Nations theory and dynamic competitive advantage theory. The third part firstly introduces the overview export of China’s machinery and electronic products, then analyzes the export structure of China’s machinery and electronic products in detail, including the structure of export commodities and export market structure, and further elaborates the structure of China’s export of machinery and electronic products. The fourth part firstly elaborates problems of the export structure of machinery and electronic products through the research on the international competitiveness of the major categories of products. Then analyzes courses of the structural problems of China’s export of machinery and electronic products, which are the incentive and support to innovation is scarce,extensive mode of growth still exists, and the government’s policy to work is not in place. The fifth part firstly introduces the meaning of technical barriers to trade, and technical barriers our country mainly encounter, and the causes and effects of TBT to the machinery and electronic products. Then describes the producing background and meaning of the low-carbon barriers, and analyzes negative impacts of low-carbon barriers on machinery and electronic products. Finally elaborated intellectual property barriers (especially in the United States337surveys) China’s machinery and electronic products suffered from, the necessity to optimize export structure of mechanical and electrical products in China. The sixth part is about the evaluation path of trade structure of China’s export of machinery and electronic products, through the elaboration of optimized orientation of the trade structure of China’s export of machinery and electronic products, it further puts forward evaluation path of the export structure of machinery and electronic products under the new situation, which are to to cultivate different growth point, establish a national intellectual property strategy to improve the ability of corporate intellectual property construction. to enhance the technical content of the mechanical and electrical products to implement the diversification strategy, to develop low-carbon technologies and to establish and improve early warning mechanism of the trade barriers.