Research On High-tech Industry Cluster Utility In China

From the fifties of last century, the outbreak of the new technological revolution setoff a wave of high-tech rapid development, a number of landmarks high-end technologyinventions like atomic energy, space technology, and information technology greatlypromoted the development of world economy. The world economy goes into the era of"knowledge economy". With the continuous development of high-tech, the contributionof the knowledge factor in economic development is increasing. Since the beginning ofthe twenty-first century, knowledge and technology has become a major factor inpromoting economic development. The high-tech industry development model-basedclustering, Silicon Valley in the United States, Boston Route128industrial belt,Cambridge Science Park, Tsukuba Science and Technology City in Japan, HsinchuScience Park in Taiwan, Zhongguancun in China are world-renowned high-techindustrial clusters. These clusters are brought together heavyweights in the vast majorityof high-tech industries in the world, pregnant with the most important inventions thatchanged the world, the product from here affects every corner of the world, Changingpeople’s production and way of life.High-tech has an important role in promoting world economic development.Relying on modern technology, high-tech industry with the character of high output value,high value-added, high level of profits, is a shot in the arm of the modern economicdevelopment. The21st century is the "information age", the "knowledge economy" era,countries have attached great importance to the role of knowledge and technology ineconomic development, supporting for high-tech industries spared no pains. From thebeginning of the1980s,China Propose the "863Program", the Torch Plan and so on,formulating rational planning to promote the development and expansion of China’sscience and technology. High-tech industrial clusters as the main way of high-techindustrial development, also have been noted that domestic borrowing and become themain way of promoting high-tech industry development in China, Since the1980s,ourcountry promote their own high-tech industrial development by the establishment ofhigh-tech park. U.S. Silicon Valley representatives of foreign high-tech industrial clusters to flourish,not only created a lot of wealth, promote local economic development, and develop aseries of major scientific and technological inventions, leading the world in the directionof technological development. Europe and the United States rely on their own high-techpatents, earned high monopoly profits from all over the world, and rely on hightechnology to improve the comprehensive national strength, and then to seek the globaleconomic and political rights. For three decades, China’s high-tech industrialdevelopment in certain areas make some success, but in the whole, China’s technologicalstrength is still weak in many areas not yet mastered the world-class technology, theso-called high-tech industry in many parts is the assembly industry of high-tech products.Promote high-tech industrial park industrial cluster effect was not significant. Lack ofenterprise specialized and high-tech park network level, the low level of cooperationbetween enterprises, the knowledge spillover effect is not significant. Research andanalysis of Chinese high-tech industry cluster development status is placed in high-techindustry development, that is an important practical problems.Starting from industrial cluster theory, through analysising and comparingsimilarities and differences between Chinese and foreign high-tech industry cluster,summarizes the existing problems of China’s high-tech industrial clusters, and trying tofigure out the policies and measures to promote the healthy development of Chinesehigh-tech industrial clusters. The theory of industrial clusters from the British economistMarshall originator, Marshall from the enterprise to reduce transaction costs perspectivestudy of the industrial clusters of economic externalities. Porter proposes the "DiamondModel" that the industrial agglomeration makes the diamond model four elementsaggregate together to form a national competitiveness. Development of industrial clustertheory in china is late, mainly in introducing foreign industrial cluster theory and the useof industry cluster theory for a place to do empirical analysis. Industrial cluster theorydoes not make a major theoretical breakthrough. The famous high-tech industrial clustersin the world are the U.S. Silicon Valley, Cambridge Science Park, Tsukuba Science andTechnology City in Japan, Taiwan Hsinchu Science Park. The development of thesehigh-tech industrial clusters is different, forming their own characteristics of industrialclusters, and achieved great industrial achievements. By comparing the similarities and differences of Chinese and foreign industrial clusters, draw high-tech industrial clustersin China is not high, yet to play out the advantages of industrial clusters, science andtechnology level is not high, at a disadvantage level in international competition.In connection with the shortcomings of the Chinese high-tech industry cluster, thispaper presents a series of policy measures. Government should change the positioning,enhance the government macro guide, formulate of a sound external environment for thegrowth promotion of high-tech industry cluster development; Establish a sound financialmarkets, encourage venture capital investment in high-tech industries, establish a soundcapital market; Improve the human resources market, establish the high mobility of thelabor market, strengthen the links of research institutions and high-tech enterprises,improve the “research-products–industrialization” technology industry chain; basingon national culture, establish a suitable innovation culture of innovation atmosphere,established a local culture of innovation.