Study On Water Resources Management Of Heihe River Basin Based On Holistic Management Perspective

Water is a critical resource for human development. As human society expanding rapidly water resources become increasingly scarce. Water resources management become a hot topic in natural resources management area.This article takes Heihe River, a typical inland river basin in northwest of China, as study area. We induce the main problems about area water resources management which based on the analyzing about the history of water resources development of study area. Aims the main problems, we structure a framework of area water resources management that based on the holistic governance theory. Then, we discussed the coordination mechanism of water resources transaction between areas of the inland river basin. The result shows that:Since the West Han Dynasty, the water resources of Heihe River has been developed over2000years. There are different characters of water resource developing in different periods. In recent half century, the water resource became the main limiting factor for area developing. And it arise a lot of conflicts between middle reaches and lower reaches. It is important for us to balance the water resources for agricultural development and for ecology conservation. At present, there are three main problems about the water resources management of study area. One of them is absence of a holistic water resources management system. Another is absence of allocation mechanism of initial water rights. The other is absence of market-oriented coordination mechanism of water resources transaction among different areas of Heihe River basin.Aims the main problems of water resources management of study area, we structure a holistic framework of water resources management of study area. The framework lead to two goals: setting a reasonable water water allocation among living use, producing use and ecological use; improving the output efficiency of water resources. Then, we clear the structure and organization function of resource management of Heihe river basin. We laid out that the integrated and double-track management is appropriate model for water resources management of study area. And based on establishing the reasonable management system, further establishing coordination mechanism of water resources allocation of river basin water rights trading, payment for ecosystem service, through market-oriented means, to promote the rational allocation of water resources. And taking the Sunan County which located in the upper reaches of Heihe River as a case, analyze the relationship between water conservation and PES. Upon those work, the natural process and economical process are included in the integrated model framework by minimum data approach to explore the payment criteria in PES program. Then we classify the payment modes all around the world, and try to find a appropriate payment mode for study area by analysis of the data collected by social survey. Results of the case study show that, to restore all the low coverage grassland we need pay301.6yuan· hm-2for the herdsman per year, and the total water service will increase1.69×106m3;to restore all the low and middle coverage grassland we need pay365.5yuan·hm-2for the herdsman per year, and the total water service will increase2.59×106m3.