Effects Of Long Term Different Fertilization On Soil Fertility, Growth Fruit And Development Of Fruit Tree In Apple Orchard Under Grass Covering

Weibei area is the main apple production area of Shannxi province. It is the eugenicsarea for apple because of its soil and climate. However, the precipitation and poor soilnutrition are the limit factors for apple production. The development of grass covering makesthe soil moisture improved extremely. But how to fertilize in this cultivation mode is also aproblem. In Weibei area, because of unreasonable fertilization, the soil became more stiffness,lower nutrition. These may affect the yield and quality of apple. Thus studying how can wefertilizer reasonable and the effect of different fertilizer treatments on soil nutrition, treegrowth, and the quality become hot topics.Taking Malus pumila Mil, the objective of the study is to elucidate the effect of fertilizerratio on dry land soil nutrition, fruit tree growth, leaves nutrition and the yield and quality ofapple. From this study, we have following conclusions:1. Rational fertilization can promote fruit tree growth and yield no matter in the grasscovering or the conventional tillage management orchard, especially in the MNPKtreatment. Compared with conventional tillage management, grass covering can promotetree circumference and yield significantly, but insignificant in setting rate and springshoot.2. Grass covering can promote fruit index, and nutrient insufficient or no balance candecrease fruit shape index. Compared with conventional tillage management, MNPKunder grass covering was enhanced2.26%. Soluble sugar and titration acid dropped undergrass covering. Compared with conventional tillage management, the sugar-acid ratiosignificant decreased17.44%in NP treatment, and increased17.42%in MNPK treatmentunder grass covering. Compared with no fertilizer, the VC content increased12.56%-59.28%in other fertilizer treatments, and the MNPK treatment is the best one.3. Grass covering reduce the total P and total K content of leaves, but has no influence ontotal N. Grass covering and fertilization can increase the nutrition of0-40cm soil,especially the MNPK.4. Fertilization can promote WUE of fruit tree significantly, especially the MNPK treatment. Besides, the efficiency of chemical fertilizer is better than the mature.5. In conclusion, mixed fertilizer of inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizer in grasscovering orchard, is a appropriate management model for Weibei area.