Study On The Genetic Toxicity Of Active Compounds From Salvia Miltiorrhiza To Vicia Faba Root Tip Cells

Salvianolic acid A （SalA）, Salvianolic acid B （SalB） and Catechu aldehyde （CA）, asactive compounds from Salvia miltiorrhiza, have a protective effect on the body byantioxidant activity. This paper studied the genetic toxicity of SalA, SalB and CA and theanti-mutagenic activities of them on the Vicia faba root tip cells by comet assay andmicronucleus assay. The research provided a reference for the development and application ofactive compounds from Salvia.This paper established the improved comet assay for Vicia faba root tip cells anddetected the effect of DNA damage to Vicia faba root tip cells and the antagonistic effect toCyclophosphamide （CP）(100μg·mL^-1) under different concentrations of SalA, SalB and CA(1¹000μg·mL^-1) by modified comet assay. The effect of genotoxicity on the genetic materialwas studied under different concentrations of SalA, SalB and CA (1¹000μg·mL^-1) and themechanism of anti-mutagenic was discussed by the different order of the active compounds ofSalvia (1¹000μg·mL^-1) and CP （Method I: adding SalA or SalB or CA and CP which was thesame volume at the same time. Method II: firstly SalA or SalB or CA then CP. Method III:firstly CP then SalA or SalB or CA） by micronucleus assay. The effect of genetic toxicity toVicia faba root tip cells was observed under SalA or SalB or CA+Cr （Ⅵ）(100μg·mL^-1) bymicronucleus assay.The results showed that,（1） The modified comet assay can reach a good experimentalresult.（2） The results of the comet assay showed that SalA (5⁵00μg·mL^-1), SalB (1⁵00μg·mL^-1) and CA (5¹000μg·mL^-1) didn′t cause the DNA damage of cells. SalA, SalB(1¹000μg·mL^-1), CA (5¹000μg·mL^-1) can effectively inhibit the mutagenic effect of CP.（3）The results of the micronuclear assay showed that SalA, SalB, CA (1¹000μg·mL^-1) had nomutagenic effect. SalA, SalB and CA effectively inhibited the formation of micronucleus,promoted the division of cells and reduced chromosome aberration in a variety of mechanism.SalA (100μg·mL^-1), SalB (50μg·mL^-1) and CA (1000μg·mL^-1) had the strongestantimutagenicactivity.（4） SalA, SalB and CA can inhibit the mutagenic activity induced by Cr （Ⅵ）. Theanti-mutation activity order of compounds from Salvia was SalB>SalA>CA. The comet assay and micronucleus assay of cells in Vicia faba can be carried to assess thepreliminary safety of compounds and speculate the mechanism. SalA, SalB and CA had nomutagenic effect in a certain dose range. Through strong antioxidant activity, they can directlyinactivate mutagen, resist mutation and repair genetic damage. But the specific mechanism ofaction shouid be further explored. In addition, the results of this paper could provide areference for Salvia in the application of prevention.