The Influence Of Nicolae Milescu Spataru And His Works On The China-Russian And China-European Relation In The18^th-19^th Centuries

China and Russia are two giant superpowers, who had some conflicts during the course of the history, but have always managed to find wise solutions and promote their relations. Nicolae Milescu Spataru was the first ambassador who made effective communication between two countries. This paper try to discuss the influence of his personality and works to Sino-Russian and China-European Relation in the18th to19th Centuries, from his life and activities, literary heritages, and especially the international situation between two countries before and after his visit to China, studying the famous works of Travel Journal to China and The Description of China.The first known records of the relations between two countries are quite late, in the middle of the15th to the beginning of16th century when the tribes of both countries have reached Siberia and Amur River and established the first contacts. In the travel Journal of Marco Polo, Russia is described as a dark undeveloped country at the north of China.The common use of the Siberian territory by both Russian and Chinese tribes have led to conflicts, and as a result the Russian Tsar decided to send a diplomatic mission to Beijing that would discuss the possibility of friendly economic cooperation and the solving of the territorial disputes along the border.In1654Fiodor Baycov was sent as the first ambassador of the Russian Empire to Beijing, but his mission turned to be unsuccessful due to the cultural differences and the lack of communication as both countries didn’t have the necessary translators.The situation was due to change with the visit of the famous Moldavian scholar Nicolae Milescu Spataru who was sent in diplomatic Mission to China in1675-78and thanks to whom the two sides have found a language of communication and further developed the communication leading to the signing of Nerchinsk treaty in1689and changing the course of the Chiese-Russian history forever.Nicolae Milescu Spataru was not only a cultural ambassador but also a scholar, scientist, linguist and geograph, and was the first person to describe in detail Siberia and the North of China, finding a new, shorter and safer way for the Russian merchants to come to China for exchanging goods. He was the first adviser for the Russian Tsar in the politics towards Asia and had worked until the end of the life in the "Posolskii Prikaz"(Ministry of foreign Affairs) of the Tsarist Russia taking part in international discussions and signing treaties with many countries and kings. Though Nicolae Milescu Spataru’s Diplomatic mission did not succeed as the letters of the Russian Tsar addressed to the Qing Dynasty Emperor were returned, he did manage to write a couple of books about his trip to China, the most famous one being Travel Journal to China and The Description of China that have brought him fame all over the world sheading light on the mysterious and little known at the time, Chinese Empire, and who are still read and admired today.