Fair Evaluation And Improvement Countermeasures In Rapid Urbanization Area Transportation

The fair is an important concept which is an inherent requirement of the transportation system for the maintenance of healthy, harmonious and sustainable development in the transportation sector. With the accelerating process of urbanization, there are phenomena that traffic inequities become increasingly evident which include the uneven distribution of transportation resources and the unbalance differences of transportation accessibility in the fast urbanization region, which caused the impacts for the urban transport system. Transportation Equity was introduced to the field of transportation project evaluation and transportation systems to optimize field, which is benefited to narrow travel environment differences between groups. It has practical significance to enhance the sustainable development of the transport system.Firstly, by distinguishing the differences among the equity, the efficiency and the equality, the meaning of fairness is analyzed in this paper which means that there is no absolutely fair, the relative fair is really fair. Fair concept is used to illustrate the connotation and classification of transportation equity in the transportation sector. Based on the characteristics of the transportation equity, the deprived theory and Transportation Equity theory is integrated. The relative relationship is established between horizontal transport fair, vertical transport fair and transverse relative deprivation, longitudinally relative deprivation. Then the applicability of the deprivation theory in the transport sector is demonstrated in this paper.Secondly, the concepts of urbanization that include definitions, content and form of expression are sorted out and the differences between the traditional sense urbanization and rapid urbanization are analyzed in this paper. Then the differences between the traditional urbanization and rapid urbanization are described from four aspects, which include spatial transformation, regional space the type of administrative subordination relations and geographical space structure. At the same time, the problems of transportation fair in fast urbanized area are analyzed from four perspectives, including changes in urban spatial morphology, the differences in the way of traffic, public transportation systems degree of perfection and balance of traffic allocation of resources, and the development of urban transport is proposed direction, which emphasizes the importance of the priority development of public transport.Subsequently, based on the research deprivation theory, the measurement method for traffic fairness in areas of rapid urbanization is discussed in this paper. The transportation accessibility and the travel acceptable maximum difference are considered as the transportation equity metric evaluation indicators. The potential measure model of accessibility calculation and the residents travel tolerance threshold for analyzed the differentiation level of acceptable population is established. Then, the traffic fair evaluation model is set up from two levels which include transportation absolute deprivation and traffic relative deprivation. Based on the traffic characteristics of the rapid urbanization, the paper validate the model reliability rely on numerical examples. The research results show that the assessment model based on the Transportation Equity deprivation theory about rapid urbanization areas can effectively calculate the residents travel costs and traffic accessibility, the model can be judged for the existence of absolute deprivation and relative deprivation.Finally, the corresponding improvement measures of the transportation equity issues are submitted and there is a conclusion by analyzed that the development of the public transportation system is the primary means for improving the urban transportation system fair. Based on this conclusion, the paper considers the characteristics of rapid urbanization and regional development, and analyzes the composition of music rapid urbanization mixed transportation network that is a kind of a multi-mode and multi-user transport network. The corresponding model is constructed with the way for travel and travel path characteristics of the residents in the travel process. Then based on the public transport network optimization, the per capita road to occupy the area and travel cost difference factors, a bi-level programming model is established. The objective function of the upper model including travel costs to a minimum coefficient of deprivation and the road area Gini coefficient is the smallest, the upper model is used to solve consider public transportation network optimization program in the Transportation Equity constraints; lower model is a multi-mode and multi-user stochastic user equilibrium traffic assignment model, it study different travel groups for the complex behavior of the different modes of transportation. NSGA-II model is calculated, and build a simple network is used for the numerical example. The results show that:in the Transportation Equity constraints under the influence of the public transport network optimization affects cars, buses and bicycles proportion of car travel groups to give up car travel, they began to use the bus travel, difference about the cost of travel and transport resources to reduce urban traffic fairness be raised.