| The bark of Magnoliae Officinalis Rehd.et Wils.(Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, MOC) has been extensively used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of abdominal distention and pain, dyspepsia, and phlegm of cough with asthma. According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010edition), MOC must be processed, namely perspiration, before it is used in clinic. Perspiration is an on-site processing method that has been used widely, it is regarded that the perspiration can facilitate the dryness, vary the color, and affect the concentrations of chemical ingredient of the sample. But no further study was reported on how and what happened in the perspiration process. In this article, we want to investigate the effect of perspiration on the quality of MOC, in order to provide a theoretical basis for producing MOC with high quality.The detail of the dissertation was as follows:1. To review the research progress of MOC.The related literature was consulted and summarized. This study reviews the origin of perspiration and its effect on herb quality. The effect of perspiration on herb’s water content, ingredient composition, efficacy and toxicity were examined. It’s suggested that during the perspiration, some enzymes could be activated or deactivated, which resulting in the changes of herb color and chemical ingredients.2. To investigate the effect of perspiration on the dryness of MOC.The water content of the processed and air-dried samples were determinted,and a significant difference existed between the two kinds of samples.3. To digitize the perspiration-induced color and odor changes of MOC.A spectrophotometry and an electronic nose were utilized to digitize the perspiration-induced color and odor changes of MOC. A three-parameter model of color alteration is established to distinguish the samples, in which parameter L*describes the brightness of the sample, a*and b*describe the color of the sample. For the processed samples, the values of L*,a*,b*are in the range of52.22-59.42, 5.36～7.68,22.04～27.05, respectively. For the air-dried samples, the values are in the range of38.42～47.31,9.63～11.85,18.48～25.53, respectively. The results indicated that L*and a*had significant difference between the processed and the air-dried samples. It turned out that lightness and chrominance were the main index evaluating the color of MOC. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares methods (PLS) are used to analyze the data obtained from the electronic nose, and significant difference was observed between the processed and the air-dried samples. The results suggested that the difference in sample color and odor can be digitalized according to color and odor characteristic parameter tested with colorimeter and electronic nose.4. To reason the perspiration-induced color change of MOC.High content of phenylethanoid glycoside (PG) was tested in MOC in our previous research. The results herein showed that PG could be hydrolyzed by tyrosinase. The tyrosinase was supposed to be deactivated by the high temperature during the process, resulting in the changes of sample color.5. To compare and analyze the chemical changes between the processed and air-dried samples.A headspace-GC and GC-MS method to test the change of volatile oil in processed and air-dried sample were used. Lignin, PG and alkaloid were determined by HPLC method. PCA and PLS methods were used to analyze the obtained data. The result suggested that no significant differences were observed in volatile oil and lignin, while big differences were observed in the cases of PG and alkaloid.6. To investigate the antioxidant activities of the processed and air-dried MOC.Three kinds of extractions, namely lignin, PG and alkaloid, were prepared from processed and air-dried MOC. The antioxidant activities of the mentioned above extractions were evaluated using ORAC and DPPH assays. The result showed that the processed sample has better antioxidant activities than the air-dried sample. |
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