Changes Of The Mongolian And Tibetan Affairs Commission

Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission in this paper consists of the two following periods:one is the period of the Republic of China, and the other is the days after Kuomintang retreated from Chinese Mainland to Taiwan until today. Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission of the Republic of China, originated from Bedding Francisco department of the Qing Empire government and Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Agency(Bureau) or (then) Mongolian and Tibetan Court of Beiyang Government, was the highest administrative organization which was in charge of the government affairs in Mongolian,Tibetan and other regions of ethnic minorities in that period. Since Kuomintang retreated to Taiwan in1949, Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission was reconstructed by Taiwan authorities as the highest special administrative organization to manage the Mongolian and Tibetan affairs in Taiwan. However, as the situation changes and the passage of time, the functions and jurisdiction of "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission" has been significantly reduced."Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission" in Taiwan, whose symbolic meaning is far more than its actual function, is gradually becoming a marginal department, resulting in the abolished crisis in recent years. At present, this institution, that still exist in Taiwan, is functioning normally. But there is no doubt that the special organization will come to the end. Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission from its origins to the period of the Republic of China existed almost throughout the entire modern Chinese history. And then the period from "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission" reconstructed in Taiwan to now has also been more than sixty years. If only from the first year of the Republic of China to now, Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission has been in existence more than a century. To some extent, the history of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission is a miniature of China’s modern political history. Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission of the Republic of China, with a large organization system and a wide range of functions, had play an important role in safeguarding national sovereignty and unity, defending the frontier of the motherland and territorial integrity, and promoting economic and cultural development in Mongolian, Tibetan and other regions of ethnic minorities. The organization system and functions of "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission" in Taiwan, derived from Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission of the Republic of China, has been completely different than ever before. However, to some extent, it has been playing a positive effects in maintaining the identity of the Chinese nation and the cognition of Mongolian and Tibetan culture, maintaining the historical memory and national feelings of the people of Taiwan, promoting the exchange and development of Mongolian and Tibetan Culture. When it is about to the end, there is a important historical significance and realistic value to strengthen the study of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission. With historical materialism and dialectical materialism, diversified files, historical data and reminiscences, and multidisciplinary research methods have been made full use of it in this paper. Taken the time as the ordinate axis and connected history longitudinal and reality horizontal, institution characters and political situation of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission in different times have been conducted a study. Most importantly, under the domestic and international vision, it is also investigated to pursue objective, fair and integration.Six chapters are contained in this paper and to begin with introduction, the second chapter is the central frontier national affairs management institution in the Qing dynasty stating institutional evolution and system, governance the frontier and historical heritage, namely dating from the origin of Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission, which is followed by Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs management institution in early Republic of China explaining the setting background, institutional evolution and main policies for Mongolia and Tibet. Then it will be the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission in Nanjing National government illustrating setting background, institution system and main policies for Mongolia and Tibet. After this, it is Taiwan Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission, continued by the eliminating crisis of Taiwan’s "Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission" which focus on carding public’s dispute in Taiwan towards whether this institution should be exist or not in recent years, stating individual case about it and analyze the reasons of the outcome of this institution. Finally, the last one is conclusion.