The Study On The Village Affairs Supervision System In Weifang City

Over the past30years, the system of self-government of villagers has had a very important driving effect on both improving the primary-level democracy system and ensuring peasants’democratic rights. However, during the process of carrying it out, there have also appeared many problems and difficulties, the most serious one of which is that more and more power are centered on the village cadres. Without restriction, power will definitely result in corruption. Yet, the democratic supervision, which should play a role as a "watchdog" in the system, is relatively weak. The key point of democratic supervision is to supervise the rights of all village committee members and the management of village affairs. With the development of our economy society, the collective village income, especially that of suburb villages, has increased a lot, so villagers pay more and more attention to village affairs concerning their own interests and the desire to make village affairs public and supervised is stronger and stronger.The public’s demand is the greatest motivation of reform. In June,2004, the first Village Affair Supervision Committee was established in Houchen village, Wuyi county, Zhejiang province. Since then, the system that supervises and restricts the rights of the members of the two village committees has gradually spread. In October,2010, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress revised and passed The Law of Villager Committee Organization of People’s Republic of China, stating that "Village affair supervision committee or supervision institution of other kinds shall be established in the village." It legally fixed the status of the village affairs supervision committee in the villager self-government, and provided powerful institutional guarantee for the village democratic supervision.Weifang city, located in the developed seaside area, began the exploration of setting up village affairs supervision committee and carrying out the village affairs supervision institution in2005. In2011, village affairs supervision committee was founded in6560villages throughout the city, when the two committees’personnel were changed upon completion of a term of office. In the process of practicing this system, Weifang government played a driving part and issued " Guidelines for establishing village affairs supervision committee in the whole city", which strengthens the guidance of village affairs supervision committee construction in the aspects of election procedure, responsibility definition, operation mode, and safeguard mechanism. The influence of the village affairs supervision committee can be expanded by propaganda and training. Besides, by setting up "vetoing life tenure" and "Four-discussion, Two-openness and One-supervision", the supervision and restriction function of the village affairs supervision committee can be brought into full play. In addition, the village affairs supervision committee’s check-and-balance function to the village cadres, its overall supervision function to village affairs management, its restriction management function to village collectively-owned property, and its communication function to the village cadres and villagers, have all made significant progress and achievements. The decision-making authority, execution rights and supervision rights are both restricted to and coordinative with each other.Admittedly, there exist some problems in the construction of Weifang Village Affairs Supervision Committee, such as, understanding deviation, imperfect system design, poor supervision function, imperfect safeguard and encouragement system, and so on. According to these problems and the theory of check-and-balance of power, the following suggestions should be useful: strengthening propaganda and guidance, reinforcing education and training, impelling system construction, increasing safeguard efforts, and emphasizing check and reward-punishment system.