A Socialogical Analysis On University Graduates’"Unemployed With Job Opportunity"

With Chinese higher education transforming from elite education to mass phase stage, more and more young people get the chance to receive higher education and the number of college graduates is growing day by day. But with China’s economic transformation getting into the stage of storming fortifications, the employment problem has become more obvious. Under the background of the social development, Chinese college students’ employment situation is increasingly severe, more and more college graduates are facing the problem of employment. In order to alleviate college graduates’employment pressure, the country and the government introduced some policy related to promote college students’ employment. Although college students’ employment problem has eased in some degree, it is still severe. Meanwhile, there is such a students group that they had the employment opportunity but because of all sorts of reasons, they gave up and chose to be "unemployed with job opportunity". By deeply interviewing with20respondents and based on the rational choice theory, this paper discusses the "unemployed with job opportunity" group’s reason and analyzes the action’s consequences so as to have a deeper understanding of the present situation of the current employment of college students.This paper first explains the research background, reviews and studies the present status. At the same time, it also has a reference review, describes the meaning of the research topics and the study method as well as the analytical framework; Secondly the basic situation of the interviewers and their characteristics are briefly summarized; Thirdly, using the rational choice theory respectively explains resources control, benefit orientation, social system and values’influence on the action; Finally, analysis the college graduates’ action’s affects to the graduates themselves and their families and the consequences to society.As a result, this paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1) The "unemployed with job opportunity" graduates have some characteristics. Most of them have pennanent urban residence certificate and their family economic conditions are good. The students of liberal arts are more than those of science and engineering. Their expectation about the employment difficulties is relatively low. They hold the point that we should choose the job earlier than take up an occupation. The actors give up the opportunity given by other places and choose to apply for a job back to where his census register is. There are gender differences among the purposes of being "unemployed with job opportunity".(2) In college graduates’"unemployed with job opportunity" action, the scarcity degree of personal resources has great influence to the action, so they try their best to take effective means to get and control more material capital, human capital, and social capital in order to enhance their personal competitiveness to achieve their targets;(3) In college graduates’"unemployed with job opportunity" action, profit is the driving force of the action. The graduates choose "unemployed with job opportunity" because of the different benefits;(4) The social systems (the household registration system and employment system) and the values (the "system of units complex", the family idea and social division of labor) also play a role in college graduates’"unemployed with job opportunity" action;(5) The "unemployed with job opportunity" college graduates finally achieved their goals. All actors of the "interest satisfaction type","job satisfaction type ","emotion satisfaction type "and" satisfaction type" got a "satisfied solution". The action increased the family’s economic pressure and enhanced the feelings. This action conformed to the resource allocation of the labor market. If the "unemployed with job opportunity" group increased, it would affect social stability.