Efficiency Analysis Of Grain Production In Henan Province Based On DEA-Tobit Model

Grain as one of the people’s fundamental consumer goods, is related toeconomic development, social stability and national self-reliance. Any country,regardless of the economic development to what extent, per capita income increasedto what level, can not leave grain.China is the most populous country in the world, to ensure that foodproduction, food security is especially important. But a reality of China’s foodsecurity, food self-sufficiency rate continued to decline, the food supply isincreasingly depend on food imports. Early2013of the General Administration ofCustoms released data show that in2012, China’s food (including cereals, soybean,etc.) imports totaled80.25million tons, while imports amounted to$42.14billion, anincrease of more than25%. China’s annual grain output of about5.9million tons in2012, imports accounted for the proportion of the total grain output of nearly14%.Henan Province as the country’s first major grain-producing province, since2000, Henan’s total grain output even take11years ranked first in the country, HenanProvince, with the country’s total land of1/16, the output of the country’s totalproduction l/4of the wheat, the food of the country’s total output of1/10; made agreat contribution to our country’s food security. But with the increase in population,the acceleration of the industrialization process, brought about by the decrease in thestock of land, part of the production factors reduced pressure, to achieve the growth offood production to ensure national food security, we must change our way of foodproduction, promote increased food production by relying on inputs increased torelying on production efficiency.Therefore, this study adopts the internationally accepted DEA-Tobittwo-step method to analyze the efficiency of grain production in Henan Province andits influencing factors. First, the DEA method and Malmquist Productivity Indexmethod for analysis of grain production in Henan Province static efficiency and totalfactor productivity. The main research:1)2000-2011Henan grain production averagetechnical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency, explore the past12years, food production technology in Henan Province degree of utilization and returnsto scale case.2)2000-2011Henan Province Grain total factor productivity, and total factor productivity factor analysis reveals Henan Province the food total factorproductivity change in recent years and reason.On this basis, using the Tobit model to analyze the factors that affect theefficiency of food production.The results show that: the level of efficiency of grainproduction in Henan Province as a whole is relatively high, there are investment inexcess of11cities in Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luoyang, Pingdingshan, Anyang, Puyang,Xuchang, Luohe, Sanmenxia, Nanyang, Shangqiu; effective irrigation area and perunit area grain yield and efficiency of food production was positively correlated, thecity with high GDP per capita food production efficiency is relatively low. Grainproduction in Henan Province technical efficiency growth was mainly related to theimprovement of the pure technical efficiency and scale of the low efficiency of theconstraints of the reasons for the increase; total factor productivity growth is broughttogether by the technical efficiency and technological progress, but TFP growth isvery slow, and in some years even declining; municipalities grain total factorproductivity change are not the same. Effective irrigation area and per unit area offood production and food production efficiency was positively correlated with highGDP per capita food production efficiency is relatively low.Henan Province in the food production process should be a reasonableadjustment factor inputs, increase financial support for agriculture investment,strengthen the construction of farmland water conservancy facilities, the use ofadvanced agricultural science and technology, thereby improving the efficiency offood production.