Effects Of Population Flow Of Family Support

Currently, China is going through the period of transition, from the traditional agricultural society to the modern industrial society. This rapid change in social structure is leading to severe challenges in the family pension, due to the changes in the family structure. Along with the implementation of family planning policy, families are correspondingly becoming smaller, and nuclear families have being accepted by more and more people. In particular, with the development of industrialization and urbanization, there is large-scale population migrating from rural area to district, which has brought a profound impact on rural households and on the rural family pension. Are these effects one-way or two-way? Whether the rural old-age security system will be changed or not? Can the family pension continue to develop? Faced with this impact, how to build the endowment policy? According to these problems, the paper has done in-depth analysis and given answers. The article is divided into the following five sections:The first part is introduction. Mainly elaborates on the background and significance of this research, status at home and abroad, purposes, methods and innovations.The second part is the status quo, causes and social impact of population movements. This part introduces the scale, sex ratio, flow direction and age structure of population movements; using the theories of push-pull, dual economy model, Todaro Model and comparative advantage to analyze the causes of population movements; investigates the impact on economic and social development because of the flow of population, leading to the impact on family pension.The third part is the dual impact of population movements on the family pension. The changes in family structures caused by population movements generate affects on the rural family pension, which is twofold, weakening family pension and producing promotion at the same time. The negative impact of population movements on the family pension is mainly manifested in the affects on the lives of the elderly care and emotional support. However, this impact is limited to the "traditional pension", without changing the responsibility and the overall function of the family pension. Increased population mobility contributes to increase revenue, improving the financial support on family pension; migrant families help to improve the living environment of the elderly; human capital and social capital of floating population enhance maintenance capabilities, the revenue generated by these positive effects may offset or even exceed the loss of the welfare of the elderly caused by population movements.The forth part is the analysis on advantages of family pension. So far in China’s rural areas, farmers pension are still relying on marriage and kinship-based families. Families are not only the main source of income of the rural old-age, but also bear the responsibility of almost all of life care and spiritual comfort to the old. The promotion and implementation of social endowment insurance system in rural areas have changed the status of the family as the only pension main-responsibility. However, because of small coverage and low level security, this policy has failed to take up rural pension liability. The reason for societies giving the pension responsibility to families is that family pension has more superiority in compared to other pension means. Family ties, the presence of family altruism inspires pension behavior. Also, family pension has advantages such as low internal transaction costs, transparent information, and providing flexible pension resources.The fifth part is policy options based on the dual effect of population movements. The impact of population movements on the family pension is twofold. Based on this judgment, the construction of rural old-age security system should not mainly rely on social endowment insurance. Drawing on international experience to promote the social endowment insurance reform, and implying the proactive policy of family support, pension diversified development can be realized, while resolving the difficulties faced by the rural old-age through supporting families. Further speaking, the negative impact of population movements on the family pension also can’t be ignored. So, promote pension services market-oriented, effectively combine the family support with the social services to meet the needs of elderly life care, vigorously promote the economic development of small towns, and guide the rural migrants reasonably distributed. Thus, all of these efforts can distribute on indirect support for the family pension.