The Multidimensional Poverty For Chinese Household: Measurement And Dynamic Research

How to understand poverty and measure poverty is the foundation to developpro-poor policies. In recent years, the multidimensional nature of poverty hasgradually reached a consensus in the international community. In2000, the HumanDevelopment Report, the Millennium Declaration and the MDGs have highlighted themultiple dimensions of poverty. In2010, the United Nations Human DevelopmentReport estimates the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) of multiple countries andadvocate viewing poverty from multidimensional and capacity developing perspective.Poverty is not only characterized by income poverty, may also be reflected ineducation, health, and many other aspects. The present stage of China’s poverty alsoshows that the individuality and diversification of poverty have gradually becomedominant characteristics. The development-oriented poverty alleviation policy bytrying to accelerate the regional economic growth, to improve the income level has nosignificant effect. Therefore, the research of multidimensional poverty theory andmeasurement has important theoretical significance and practical value.This paper has carried on the empirical research on the Chinese family poverty inreference to the MPI measurement framework. Through the measurement and thedynamic research of multidimensional poverty for Chinese household,the paper try toanalyze the poverty and its factors of Chinese family, and put forward policysuggestions to reduce and throw off poverty. First of all, this paper compares themultidimensional poverty measure method based on different theories, especiallycarry on the thorough discussion on multidimensional poverty index (MPI) based oncapability approach. Then, using2000,2004,2006and2009CHNS dataset, based onthe measurement and decomposition of the MPI for Chinese urban and rural area, thepaper analyzes area and dimension differences for Chinese poverty. Furthermore,based on the identification of multidimensional poverty at some point, all householdsare classified into three different types that are chronic poverty, transitory poverty andnever poor. The ordered response probit model is used to explore what kind of thehouseholds are easily chronic poor or not easy to poor.The main empirical results are as follows. The multidimensional poverty aremore serious in rural than in urban, so as in western regions than in eastern regions. Itis cannot be ignored of poverty in health and in housing problems for some cities. At the same time, the people who lack knowledge, skills and medical security are morelikely to fall into chronic poverty. Combined with the empirical analysis, this paperput forward the suggestions that we should see poverty from how to develop abilityand multidimensional perspective, and attach great importance to the education,science and technology, strengthen professional skill training, improve the securitysystem construction.