| Three rural issues is the most important social economic problem in China, solving the three rural issues will be a priority for the party’s work and a basic way to achieve urban and rural integration developments.The workforce, land and capital are three meat basic factors of production of agriculture.It is the rational allocation of production factors that determine agricultural development and the rate of economic growth under the natural conditions and policy system. Now the urgent problem is actualizing the maximize production benefit by the right way of resource integration. Since the reform and opening up, industrialization and urbanization are proceeding rapidly, the scarcity of agricultural resources has become increasingly problematic in China. In the pattern of the household land contract responsibility system, affected by many factors of land fragmentation, decentralized management, labor shortage, rural capital injection deficit, imperfect agricultural infrastructure and frequent natural disasters, agricultural labour shortage compare beneficial result has come down, what’s more, land abandonment and land uncultivation has been increased aggressiveness. In order to adapt to the modern agricultural production, the construction of new socialist countryside and the overall planned developments, it is urgent for rural areas to do some research, for instance:using the rural land resources efficiency, making innovations of agricultural management mode, accelerating the pace of agricultural structure readjustment, optimal allocation of labor resources and integrating agricultural production investment. Practice shows us that the core of the rural problems is promoting rural resources integration effectivly and circulating rural resources rationally. Therefore, it is very significant for studying the circulation system of right of land use to cope with three rural problems, promoting urban-rural integration, opening out objective law of rural economics continuously.In order to reveal the land circulation process integration of agricultural production factors and efficiency validation, this paper taks Yan Ba Cun as a study sample. It is the first demonstrative village of sustainable development which has obvious integration of agricultural production factors and positive function of promoting agriculture production. This study will analyze the farmland circulation of agricultural production elements integration effect with three aspects, which are rural labor force allocation, the use of land resources and agricultural capital investment, after that make a detailed assessment of the factors of production integration. The main conclusions are as follow:(1) The circulation of agricultural land has a good effect for the optimized allocation of labor resources, labor income level is rising gradually. Land circulation gives peasants new experience and promotes the rural labor force transfer in reasonable inter regional, inter industry and agriculture inner. Within224surveyed households, there are314rural labour forces transfer to non-agricultural industry,65.15%of the surveyed total. The main destination is out-of-town working,67.51%of the surveyed total. From the industrial point of view, manufacturing industry, transportation, services and construction industry is workers’ favourite field. In above-mentioned industries, manufacturing, at around31.52%, is all-important in all the industries. After the land transfer, about22.25%of the country’s labour forces remain in the agricultural field,107labour forces become the agricultural salary earners of agricultural corporation, agricultural cooperatives and large family. In addition, the labor utilization efficiency is improved obviously, farming time is reducing and the number of agricultural labor is saved by agricultural land concentration and scale management. Through the agricultural skills training has launched, farmers’agricultural production level has significantly improved, the agricultural technology personnel grow by49numbers compared with the prior circulation. Besides, peasant household yearly income has grown from1000yuan to more than1million approximately.(2) The circulation of agricultural land may boost using land resources efficiently, At the same time, the pattern of land management also changed. Land circulation brings about the usage of land resources efficiently and sustainably, finally, it also can show the value of land resource adequately. Under the effect of comparative advantage, cropping system has been adjusted in Yan Ba village, instead of traditional crops such as rice and maize, production of cash crops has turned up as well. Land circulation makes the idle and ineffectively used land back to life, the phenomenon of leave land uncultivated has eased simultaneously. The survey found that Yan Ba has been formed the agricultural production and operation with retail private investors, professional large families, rural cooperatives, agricultural corporations and so on. There are different objectives of agricultural management:two farmers with more than500acres, four farmers with100-500acres, six farmers with50-100acres, eleven farmers with30-50acres and nineteen farmers with10-30acres. Besides, different agricultural business model which include "company and agricultural base plus peasant household pattern","company plus agriculture area pattern","agricultural cooperatives plus peasant household pattern","professional large families plus salary earner pattern". After the land circulation, land cropping index has been raised nearly50%-100%, the efficiency of land utilization has been increased remarkably.(3) The circulation of agricultural land is conducive to invest agricultural capital and improve farming conditions. By increasing the input of agricultural capital, the Peasant households make the prime cost of seed, pesticides and chemical fertilizers changed from60yuan per acre,10yuan per acre and120yuan per acre to90yuan per acre,25yuan per acre and144yuan per acre. With the land consolidation, country road has increased the length of6542meters, irrigation and drainage density also has enhanced from4.71meters per hectare to24.92meters per hectare. What’s more, the number of agricultural machinery changed obviously, the threshing machine, agricultural buggy, three-wheelers, gyrotillers and the wheelbarrows have up26,12,27,41and22units. In order to improve the conditions for agricultural production, agricultural manage main body need to take steps to clear weeds, shape field, strengthen the ridge, trench filled compartment and so on, in the meantime, land levelling project of terracing slope cropland and blowing up will be meet the need of agricultural machinery farming.(4) The circulation of agricultural land has been integrated the agricultural production elements effectively, the benefits of households have increased clearly. For the households of inflow, their average household income has enhanced from8664.30yuan per year to11821.12yuan per year, in which the non-agricultural income has increased7072.94yuan, agricultural income has declined3916.12yuan. Farmers earn higher income from the field of non-agricultural sector, this is the reason why the resources integration benefit can be obvious. For the households of outflow, this paper use C-D production function model to test and verify the integrated benefit of agricultural production factors. The coefficient of elasticity of agricultural capital, labour force and land is0.733,0.483and0.335, respectively, the sum of modulus is1.551. The model shows that the increase of net farm income could be larger than all kinds of factors of production, the driving force is from the continued investment of agricultural capital, labour force and land. Agricultural capital element has the biggest impact on the growth of agricultural net benefit contribution, followed by the labor and land. |
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