Agricultural Carbon Emissions And Its Reduction Countermeasures In Gansu Province

Global climate change caused by carbon emissions has brought significant adverse effects on human social and economic development, deeply influence the ecological security, energy security, water security and food security, even threatening the survival and development of human beings. In the eyes of the world focused on the occasion of climate change, how to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is becoming the responsibility and consensus of the human development, low carbon and emission reduction, green, environmental protection have become a focus of the world attention. In 2009, the Chinese government proposed voluntary commitments to the international community at the Copenhagen conference: Greenhouse gas emissions per unit of GDP reduction of 40%-45% compared with 2005 targets in 2009, and use it as a binding forces built into the long-term plan for national economic and social development.To achieve commitments, including production, the resources use the activities of any industrial sector must implement the corresponding degree of reduction, must be to achieve greater contribution to the greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets in China. Agriculture as the foundation of the national economy industry, since reform and opening up, agricultural productivity has been a huge increase, but the carbon emissions in the process of production is on the rise, inferior to fossil fuel burning carbon emissions, has become the second most important source of greenhouse gas emissions. Gansu Province is a major agricultural province in western China, but also a weak agricultural province. In recent years, Gansu has made outstanding contributions in promoting the agricultural production, farmers’ income and solve the problem of self-sufficiency, etc. At the same time, it caused a yearly growth of agricultural carbon emissions. While ensuring the future of agricultural production and farmers’ income, how to achieve agricultural carbon reduction is a major challenge to realize agricultural sustainable development and ecological civilization construction in Gansu province.In this paper, combining the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis methods, based on the perspective of environmental economics, in reference to domestic and foreign related research methods and models, on the basis of science to build agricultural carbon emissions and carbon intensity measuring system, the decoupling between the carbon emissions for agriculture and economic development situation is analyzed, further explore the main factors affecting agricultural carbon emissions, the targeted agricultural carbon reduction countermeasures put forward, in order to Gansu province agriculture provide important theoretical basis for the establishment of carbon emission reduction policies. Basically formed the following conclusions:(1) On the basis of the comprehensive carding about the estimation of carbon emissions at home and abroad,combing with the actual situation in the study area, calculating the carbon emissions from agriculture and carbon intensity in Gansu Province. Research has shown that over the past 20 years, agricultural carbon emissions is on the rise, from 663700 tons to 2.1994 million tons from year 1993 to 2012 in Gansu province,and the average annual growth rate of 6.62%; Gansu agricultural carbon intensity also showed growth year after year, from 182.40kg?hm-2 to 533.66kg?hm-2,the average annual growth rate of 5.92%; Both roughly experienced three stages of change: rapid growth, slow growth and fluctuant growth.(2) According to building the tapio decoupling index model of the carbon emissions and economic growth agriculture, qualitatively study the agriculture relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in Gansu province. The study found that the decoupling elasticity curve generally "ideal state-deformed state-ideal state" of "W" type change, the first and third phases’ overall development is good, with the strong decoupling in 2003. During the study period, the development of agricultural economy has greatly promoted the agricultural carbon emissions’ growth, but still at the stage of climbing the agricultural economy development, the overall situation is good, the decoupling state accounted for 57.89% in Gansu province.(3) The analysis and comparison of multiple factor decomposition model, finally using LMDI model for Gansu province agricultural carbon emissions influence factors were analyzed, and the driving factors and growth mechanism of carbon emissions are quantitatively cleared. Study shows that agricultural economic development is the factors of agricultural carbon emissions increase.During the study period,the economic factors achieves 2.8971 million tons carbon increment; efficiency of agricultural production, agricultural structure, labor force factors inhibiting the Gansu agricultural carbon emissions growth, which respectively achieved 1.3444 million tons, 61000 tons, 29500 tons of carbon emissions, the efficiency of agricultural production factors is the main factor of carbon emissions growth inhibition of agriculture in Gansu province, the contribution rate of 88.62% in study period.(4) Based on the above research results, on the basis of using the experience of foreign agricultural carbon reduction, and put forward suitable for agricultural carbon reduction measures in Gansu province, in order to provide policy support for the relevant government departments. These include:Improving the quality of farmers and cultivating low carbon agriculture consciousness;Developing circular agriculture technology, transforming the mode of agricultural development; Promoting low carbon agricultural technology, improving the utilization efficiency of agricultural materials; Positively adjusting agricultural structure, optimizing the layout of the agricultural industry;Perfect legal system of low-carbon, strengthen the agricultural protection.