Study On Transverse Ecological Compensation Mechanism In Mid-route South-to-north Water Transfer Project

The construction of the middle route of south-to-north water transfer project makes a great contribution to the reasonable allocation and utilization of water resources in our country. However, the middle route of south-to-north water transfer project not only brings social, economic and ecological benefits, but also can cause corresponding losses of water sources to the local places. For example, if the water source is an ecological sensitive area, the local government will enhance the enterprise the ecological barriers to entry, even shut down some polluting enterprises and put a lot of money for ecological environment construction in order to ensure the water quality, thus increase the cost of development opportunity in water source areas. Besides, the present domestic inter-regional ecological compensation system is not perfect. mainly through the establishment of longitudinal ecological compensation system, and set up a horizontal ecological compensation system is not mature, and water as a kind of ecological product attribute "marketable" insufficient, leading the closely related to ecological of ecological compensation is not reasonable. Water source for ecological environment construction in the direct costs of construction and development of the opportunity cost of ecological compensation is not reasonable, make the enthusiasm of people in water source to protect water quality, and even take a negative attitude to the ecological construction on water quality protection.This paper combines theory and practice, deeply discusses the transverse of south-to-north water transfer project in the establishment of the ecological compensation system. This paper consists of six parts. The first part analyzes the background and meaning of ecological compensation system, and the research results at home and abroad of establishing transverse in the south-to-north water transfer project. The second part analyzes the transverse relevant theories and the characteristics of ecological compensation system.The third part analyzes the situation of south-to-north water transfer project as the background. It discusses the present situation and problems of the ecological compensation system of south-to-north water transfer project and the necessity of perfecting horizontal ecological compensation system. The fourth part summarized the experience and inspiration from the establishment of ecological compensation system by comparing lateral ecological compensation system of domestic and international practice. The fifth part established the frame of transverse ecological compensation system from five aspects in this paper: To establish the rights and obligations of compensation main body and object of compensation clearly, given priority to the government, residents, agencies and other participating, embody the ecological property right relations of the products. Using the cost method to calculate with a combination of both parties through consultation, to establish a reasonable compensation standard, encourage water adhere to the self-consciousness and the long-term of the ecological environment construction. This paper establishes a more diverse way of compensation, by means of public policy and market-based instruments, to make up for the problem of insufficient compensation funds, to meet the needs of long-term ecological compensation money supply. Establish efficient regulatory evaluation system, supervise on water quality and compensation funds, and dynamically adjusted based on the monitoring result. The sixth part establish a lateral supporting measures of the ecological compensation system to complete the system of horizontal ecological compensation.