| Since our country established county as the unit to carry out large-scale development strategy for poverty alleviation in 1986, China’s poverty alleviation work has obtained remarkable achievements in the world. However, with the development of economy, the poverty reduction pattern that takes Poverty County as the target object model for poverty alleviation, has appeared many problems. The number of Poor County approved by Government has remained unchanged for 592 since 1994. According to the statistics, despite the national anti-poverty funds keeping increasing some poverty counties are getting poorer and another are showing off their wealth while wearing a ‘poor cap’. The Poor County approved by Government likes identity delineation. Those who enter the list can enjoy a variety of resources of poverty alleviation. Faced with the huge poverty of resources, poor counties eager to join the list, and even make data fraud or bribery. On one hand, this phenomenon increases the financial burden and causes the waste of resources. On the other hand, it causes social injustice and aspects the economic development in poor areas. The research of Exit Mechanism of Poor County approved by Government is a hot spot after the study of anti-poverty strategy and aiming mechanism of poverty. Through a holistic study of the Exit Mechanism of Poor County approved by Government, this article aims to define the intension, policy objectives and exiting means of the Exit Mechanism, clarifys the exit impediments and puts forward a basic sketch of building the Exit Mechanism and some advises.This paper focuses on the exit issues of the Poor County approved by Government to carry out the study. First, analyze the Pro-poor policies, evaluation criteria, exit status quo, exiting problems and consequences. The analyses show that the financial poverty relief funds has kept increasing year since 1986; the Poor County approved by Government not only enjoys huge financial funds, but also enjoys a number of policy support, including financial, education, social security and so on; since its establishment, the evaluation criteria has undergone two adjustments and makes the poor counties which do not meet the criteria exit; The list of Poor County approved by Government had been adjusted three times. In the three adjustment process, the poor counties’ exit rate has been below 8.6% and the total remains at 592, exit number is relatively small and there exits more difficult problems; due to the lack of exit mechanism, the consequences of the exit problems are increasing the financial burden, wasting the poverty relief resources, forming a reverse incentive for poor areas, hindering economic development and causing corruption. Meanwhile, this paper analyzes the hindering factors of exiting from the perspective of both internal and external. The study shows that there are three external factors which including fuzzy exit system, the lack of pressure on the government to develop policies, unlisted and unscientific assessment standards and unreliable monitoring. Internal factors include the participators pursuing their own interests and the poverty alleviation policy of reverse incentive. Secondly, the paper summarizes and analyzes the existing exit programs about the Poor County approved by Government. Finally, on the basis of the above studies, this paper put forward a basic framework for building the exit mechanism from five aspects which include exit principle, exit criteria, exit incentive and restraint mechanisms, exit the program, quit risk prevention mechanism. In order to ensure the effective implementation of the exit mechanism, this paper presents the corresponding countermeasures: establish data publicly and responsibility to ensure the authenticity of indicator data; distribute the poverty relief funds reasonably; promote effective joint in exit mechanism and various social system; improve laws and regulations and establish related measures. |
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