Multi - Scale Multi - Dimensional Poverty Identification Based On

In2010, the incidence rate of absolute poverty in rural area of China has reduced from3.5percent to1percent from2000to2008.In2013; National Bureau of Statistics adjusted the absolute poverty income criterion to2300yuan. And the population of poverty will be80million at conservative estimation. In addition, the poor of China start to concentrate in the western region and the proportion about rural mountainous poor accounting for national rural poor increases year by year. The poverty tends to spread to the old, ethnic or marginal area more obviously.Now domestic technology of poverty identification is just based on the income index, and the poverty is only expressed through statistical charts. Such identification and measurement of poverty cannot analyze poverty mechanism effectively in the poor areas; neither can help the government for the policy of poverty alleviation. In recent years, researchers around the world focused on multidimensional poverty theory, and analyze poverty characteristic from multi-dimension. Due to the regional characteristic of poverty, this paper will evaluate the sustainable development ability in the multidimensional poverty area. The evaluation is the indispensable parts of the poverty mechanism study.According to Amartya Sen’s theory, to quantify poverty, it must be identified and measured. The aim of identification is to divide the poor; that of measurement is to express the degree of poverty through numerical value. This article adopts the method of multi-scale. Firstly, we take the indicators system of government and poverty identification and measurement from other researchers in the past as reference, and then we build the multidimensional poverty identification and measurement indicators system for village-scale poverty and country-scale poverty through considering the regional environment. Secondly, we identify and measure the multidimensional poverty by "dual cutoff’for the poor scale;"Participatory Rural Assessment" for the village-scale;"Poverty index" for the country-scale. Finally, we measure and analyze the multidimensional poverty with dimension decomposition method, while the GIS tools for analyzing the spatial distribution and the poverty relationship between the poor and the geographical environment. This paper takes four countries of Qinba contiguous special poverty-stricken area as the study area, using the Kriging technology to get the simulation of multidimensional poverty. In the addition, we take Qianjiang district, which is a district of Chongqing province in Wuling area as another study area; we build up a set of poverty mechanism analysis model from area to the multidimensional poor, for the help of policy of government. The result shows:1) Through data validation, the indicators of countries in Nanyang comply with the interpolation conditions. The result shows the multidimensional poverty headcount ratio of Xichuan country is the highest, the MPI of Zhenping is the lowest, but the health issue is serious.2) Village-scale poverty of central and southern is serious in Qianjiang district; spatial aggregation level is not notable. In the analysis of relationship between the poor and village-scale poverty, the cause of serious health deprivation is the lack of medical facilities, staff, and ability of participating in medical insurance in Qianjiang.3) In the Country-scale poverty, the PI of Qianjiang is lower than other countries. However, poverty of Qianjiang is influenced by many factors. The poverty mode is that remote and closed region makes uninformed. And excellent ecological resources cannot transform to economic benefit by science technology. Self-sufficient agricultural economy can’t meet the demand of population and development in Qianjiang. In addition, frequent geological disasters make the economic loss. A single industrial economy cannot support regional economic development, widen the regional development gap.