Research On The Technical Innovation Efficiency And Its Influence Factors Of The Yangtze Economic Belt

Nowadays our country’s economy enters the New Normal, which urges the impetus of the economic growth to invert into innovation-driven power from factor-driven power. The innovation has become the first driving force of economic growth. Technical innovation, as an important part of the innovative promotion, plays an significant role in the overall innovation of our country’s economy, much more the Yangtze Economic Belt, the synthesis of several vital economic poles of our country.The Belt is one of the three regional developing strategies, which has an decisive influence on the present and future economic and social development. However there still exist fairly unbalanced development, uneven technical level, and distinct difference in the situation of the innovative promotion, which makes people concern about the future long development of the inner districts of the Belt. Therefore, researching on the technical innovation efficiency and its influence factors of the Belt have great practical and theoretical sense to enrich the innovation theories, grasp the developing trends of the technical innovation of the different districts of the Belt, find the weakness of the technical innovation’s development of the different districts rightly, improve the technical innovation level of the Belt, accelerate the process of the integration of the Belt and realize the coordinating development and innovative development of the districts of the Belt.After having an detailed explanation on some relevant concepts and theoretical bases of the technical innovation efficiency, the paper made an introduction to the current development of the technical innovation of the Belt, built the index system of inputs and outputs of the technical innovation, measured the overall technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the Belt and its districts,provinces and municipalities from 2008 to 2014 by using the non-parametric data envelopment analysis model, DEA Model and analyzed the spatial distributiondifferences and longitudinal dynamic changes of the technical efficiency of the districts of the Belt by ArcGIS and Malquist Index Model. The results suggest though the technical innovation efficiency takes on a general ascending trend, the overwhelming majority of provinces and municipalities’ technical efficiency doesn’t reach the efficient level. Due to the unreasonable allocation of the technical innovation inputs, there are quite a few input redundancies in the technical innovation inputs. At the same time, the difference of three districts’ technical efficiency is very obvious and shows a typical V distribution, which means the technical efficiency of the lower reaches is the highest level, the technical efficiency of the upper reaches is in the middle level and the technical efficiency of the middle reaches is in the relatively high level. On the other hand, the bases of technical innovation of the middle and upper reaches are relatively fragile, so they made apparent technical progress, nevertheless the technical innovation level of the lower reaches has been rather high, its progress was kind of not evident.On the basis of the measurement of the technical innovation efficiency of the Belt from 2008 to 2014, the paper analyzed the factors influencing the upper, middle and lower reaches’ technical efficiency by using the restricted Tobit Model from 6perspectives, namely the intensity of the government involvement, self-dependent innovation tendency of the enterprises, the intensity of the social input, urbanization level, the urbanization level, the degree of the industry’s modernization and the degree of the opening up. The results shows that for the lower reaches, except for the government involvement and opening up, the rest factors all the important impetuses which promote the technical innovation efficiency of the lower reaches, for the middle reaches, the government involvement and opening up don’t have an apparent effect on the technical efficiency, even the social input and the modernization of the industry can hinder the improvement of the technical efficiency, only the self-dependent innovation tendency of the enterprises and the urbanization can facilitate the improvement of technical efficiency, for the upper reaches, apart from the urbanization and social input,the surplus factors can facilitate the improvement of the technical innovation obviously.By calculating the technical innovation efficiency and analyzing its influence factors of the Belt and its districts, the paper draws 3 conclusions about the technical innovation efficiency of the Belt. Firstly, the technical innovation efficiency of thewhole Belt has improved a lot between 2008 and 2014, but the overwhelming majority of the provinces and municipalities’ technical innovation efficiency level doesn’t reach the DEA efficient state in most years, meanwhile, there is a big difference between the Belt’ different districts’ technical innovation level which takes on typical V-shape distribution, and there exists rather severe waste of the inputs of the technical innovation in different parts of the Belt, particularly the middle reaches. Secondly, the regional technical innovation efficiency promotes quickly when its economic development level is low, however the regional technical innovation efficiency doesn’t improve apparently when its economic level has been pretty high, and the process of regional technical innovation tend to create dead-weight loss of the technical innovation resources. Thirdly, the indigenous innovation tendency of the enterprises is the most stable factor which promotes the regional technical innovation efficiency, the social input can’t boost the efficiency until it reach some certain height, the opening-up can improve the efficiency only at the beginning of economic development, moreover, only the right government involvement, the urbanization based on humanism and the modernization of the industrial structure based on rationalization can boost the efficiency.According to the current situation of the technical innovation of the Belt, the process of the empirical research on the efficiency and its influence factors of the Belt and some relevant conclusions of the empirical research, the paper puts forward 7suggestions to quicken the pace of the improvement of the Belt’s technical efficiency.Firstly, increase the input of the technical innovation constantly and ensure the rationality of its allocation. Secondly, make full use of the government’s role in facilitate the development of the regional technical innovation. Thirdly, consolidate the dominant role and the leading role of the enterprises in propelling regional technical innovation and mobilize the enterprises’ zeal, initiative, and creativity of it. Fourthly,accelerate the process of the transformation from technical innovation fruits into the terminal market value. Fifthly, optimize the industrial structure, obsolete backward overcapacity industries and develop strategic emerging industry. Sixthly, carry forward the new urbanization based on the humanism. Seventhly, increase the degree of the regional opening-up and promote the liquidity of technical innovation.