Guangxi Urban-rural Residents Income Gap In The View Of Multiple Dimensions And Influence Factor Analysis

Guangxi is a multi-national province which is restricted to resource endowment and the historical foundation, which leads to the long-term existence of the disequilibrium characteristics in the regional economic and social development. Over the past three decades since the reform and opening up, the scale of economy has expanded, the development of industrialization and urbanization has accelerated, and the residents’living standard has generally improved. Meanwhile, the income gap between urban and rural areas, and among regions, has not decreased, but increased. In other words, the achievement of reform and development hasn’t effectively benefited rural residents, and the multiple dual structure between urban and rural areas, the internal urban and rural areas, and among the cities is intertwined, which brings challenges to inclusive and harmonious development. Under the background of energetically promoting the new-type urbanization and the integration of four modernizations, the current situation and influence factors of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Guangxi are discussed from the multi-dimensional perspective of urban-rural relationship. Furthermore, fairness and efficiency disequilibrium accumulated during the development are analyzed, the dual structure of the urban and rural areas is eliminated, and the integrative developed of urban and rural areas is implemented, which makes the all the social members accessible to the achievement of the reform, which is of great practical significance.The expansion of the income gap doesn’t purely exert influence on economic development. It is more related to social stability, social members’identification and the continuity of intergenerational development in multi-national regions. In the "13th Five-year Plan", Guangxi clearly indicates that while continuously raising the income of urban and rural residents, "the income of low-income residents should be increased, the proportion of middle-income residents should be raised, the order of income distribution should be regulated, and the gap between urban and rural regions, and the industrial income should be gradually shortened". The necessity and strategic paths of the integrative development of urban and rural areas are proposed from the strategic perspective. The analysis of the income gap between the urban and rural areas in Guangxi is taken as the entry point in this paper, in which the current situation, the formation mechanism and path selection of the gap between the urban and rural areas are analyzed from the multi-dimensional perspective in theory and demonstration. See the main content of this paper below:In Section One, the background of this topic is elaborated, and the content and methods of the research are proposed based on the domestic and overseas research.In Section Two, the theoretical foundation concerning the research on the income gap is organized, including the theory of dual economy, Kuznets inverted U curve, "income equalization" theory and human capital theory; the main quantitative indexes include:Gini coefficient, Theil index, Kuznets index and poor income index.In Section Three, the current income gap between urban and rural residents in Guangxi is analyzed, which is one of the focuses in this section. Guangxi Statistical Yearbook is taken as the source of data, and such indexes as Gini coefficient, Theil index, absolute difference, Kuznets index and poor income index are utilized to analyze the current situation of the income gap between urban and rural residents, the income gap among urban residents, the income gap among rural residents, the income gap of residents in different cities in Guangxi, as well as the income gap of residents in different industries from the multi-dimensional perspective.In Section Four, based on the previous analysis in this paper of the current income gap between urban and rural residents in Guangxi, and the experience accumulated from domestic and overseas research, the indexes of the influence factors of the income gap are set up, and multiple regression analysis is conducted. It is suggested by the empirical findings that the proportion of non-agricultural industries in gross regional domestic product, and the proportion of pension and welfare cost in fiscal expenditure exert positive influence on the Gini coefficient; the proportion of employees in the primary industry in the total employees, the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns, the proportion of urban population on the total population, the proportion of fiscal revenue in GDP and the proportion of expenditures for medical care and public health in fiscal expenditure show a relationship of reverse influence with the Gini coefficient.In Section Five, feasible policies and suggestions are proposed to shorten the income gap between rural and urban residents based on the results of the empirical analysis. Specifically speaking, they include five aspects, namely, the reinforcement of the regulation of tax revenue, the perfection of the government’s transfer payment system, the promotion of urban and rural employment, the comprehensive implementation of urbanization, and the optimization and adjustment of the industrial structure.