Influene Of Probiotics To Immune Function And MUC2 Expression On Localmucosa Of Chickens

Studying the one-day-old chickens, applying the real-time PCR technology, combing esterase staining, methyl green-P staining, indirect ELSIA law, Allie new or chid-periodic acid Schiff staining(AB-PAS) and other methods, through testing the changes of the expression of MUC2 m RNA, MUC2, immunoglobulin, T lymphocytes, plasma cells, and antibody-producing cell numbers and other relevant indicators, we researched the effects of different types of probiotics on digestive tracts and respiratory tracts of local mucosal immune tissues(Harder gland, duodenum, cecal tonsils) and on local humoral immune function of chickens comprehensively and systematically, which aims to provide an important experimental basis for probiotics application in livestock and poultry industry and the development of probiotic products. The main results are as follows:(1)After fed probiotics, the number of T lymphocytes in Harder gland, duodenum, cecal tonsil were different degrees higher than the control chickens. Among them, for the ten-day-old chickens, the number of T lymphocytes in Harder gland was significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05); for the chickens of 7 to 13 days of age, the number of T lymphocytes in duodenum was significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05); for the chickens of 10 to 21 days old, the number of T lymphocytes in cecal tonsil was significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05); which showed that probiotics can improve immune function of chickens local mucosal tissue.(2)After fed probiotics, the number of plasma cells in Harder gland, duodenum, cecal tonsils were higher than the control chickens in different degrees. Among them, for the chickens of 10 to 21 days old, the number of plasma cells in Harder gland was significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); for the chickens of 7 to 13 days old, the number of plasma cells in duodenum and cecal tonsil were significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); which indicated that probiotics can improve humoral immune function of local mucosal tissue of chickens.(3)After fed probiotics, the immunoglobulin levels(the content of immunoglobulin) in their tears, tracheal fluid, bile and intestinal were varying degrees higher than the control chickens. Among them, for the chickens of 7 to 13 days old, the immunoglobulin levels in bile and tears were significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); for the chickens of 4 to 21 days old, the content of immunoglobulin in trachea was significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); for the chickens of 4 to 13 days old, the immunoglobulin in intestinal was significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); which showed that probiotics can improve the humoral immune function of local chicken.(4)After fed probiotics, the number of goblet cells and the expression of MUC2 mRNA in Duodenum, appendix and tonsil were higher than the control chickens, and the content of MUC2 in tears, tracheal fluid, bile, intestinal fluid were higher than the control chickens. Among them, for the chickens of 7 to 13 days old, the numbers of goblet cells in duodenum and cecal tonsil and the MUC2 in tears were significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); for the 7 to 10 days old chickens, the expression of MUC2 mRNA in duodenum and the levels of MUC2 in intestinal fluid were significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05 or P <0.01); for the 10 to 13 days old chickens, the expression of MUC2 mRNA in cecal tonsils and the levels of MUC2 in bile were significantly higher than the control chickens(P <0.05); which showed that probiotics can promote the proliferation of goblet cells in local mucosal tissue, induce to secrete more MUC2 protein, prompt MUC2 gene upregulated and enhance nonspecific immune function of local mucosal.(5)If the lactobacillus is used alone, the effects on the chickens local mucosal immune function and on the expression of MUC2 mRNA were better than the probiotics of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus 1: 1 mixture.