Studies On Effects Of Pruning And Fertilization On Camellia Oleifera Abel Growth And Fruit Bearing Characteristics

The Camellia oleifera Abel. is one kind of typical south arboreal oil tree plant, the oil-tea camellia seed may squeeze out the oil-tea camellia seed oil, which is one kind of a higher edible value and health value edible vegetable oil. The Camellia oleifera Abel have a long cultivation history and distribute widely. Field management is extensive mode mainly for a long time, which lead to the yield being unstable and the tree appearing the phenomenon of aging significantly. In the research, after pruning and fertilization according to oil camellia, studies on Studies on Effects of Pruning and fertilization on Camellia oleifera Abel growth and fruit bearing characteristics, in order to provide technology support for field management.Main results:1. Medi-umly pruning (1/2) on autumn shoots is the most significant treatments to growth. Globular crown is much better than the other two shapes selected. Pruning position and intensity have different effects on size of crown. Medi-umly and more intensity pruning can increase the length and diameter of spring shoots. Crown shape and pruning position also have remarkable effects on growth of the spring shoots. Totally, pruning intensity have the more effects on growth of the Camellia oleifera Abel, new branch. Pruning has significant effects on relative chlorophyll content and photosynthesis rate of leaf. Chlorophyll content after pruning increased 9%-65%. The pruning intensity increase can promote the photosynthesis rate of leaf in a certain range.2. Applying 1.0kg compound fertilizer and 0.75kg organic fertilizer per tree in winter, 1.5kg compound fertilizer in summer can evidently promote the total and crown height of young tree. More organic fertilizer in winter (1.5kg) can promote the size of crown evidently. The increase of fertilizer application has promoting effect on diameter and length of new-born branch, especial the increase of organic fertilizer. Applying 1.5kg organic fertilizer in winter is available for shooting on upper and lower crown, and also promotes the chlorophyll content and photosynthesis of new-born leaves. Fertilizing can evidently promote the nutrient content of the Camellia oleifera Abel, leaf, but different treatments had different effects. The nutrient content in forest soil was improved clearly, the content of available phosphorus and effective potassium had significant difference among treatments, also soil organic matters increased evidently.3. All of the total height, crown height and crown size significantly increased after pruning on old tree. Medi-umly and more intensity pruning have better effect, and the effect more evidently pruning on autumn shoots. Pruning is remarkable effects on growth of the old tree new shoots. Severe pruning has the best effects. There are different of number of shooting on outer and inner, upper and lower in crown according to various pruning system. Medium and severe pruning (1/2-2/3)on summer and autumn shoots can effectively promote shooting of Camellia oleifera Abel.. The relative chlorophyll content in new born leaves after pruning increased 8%-49.4%.4. Applying 1.5kg compound fertilizer per tree in winter can evidently promote the total and crown height of Camellia oleifera Abel..5.0kg organic fertilizer in winter can significantly promote the size of old tree crown. 3.0kg organic fertilizer in winter and 1.0kg compound fertilizer in summer can promote the growth of spring shoots and the number of new-born leaves, and it has significant difference to other treatments and controls. 2.0kg compound fertilizer per tree in winter can increase chlorophyll content of new-born leaves. Contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus have significant difference among the treatments, and total potassium content up to extreme remarkable level. The nutrient content in forest soil was improved in varied degree, and applying organic fertilizer in winter is significant. The yield of old trees were evidently promoted by fertilizing, and organic fertilizer had more effects, it increased more than 40% compared to controls. At the same time, the seed producing rate, oil yield rate and content of oleic acid were also improved significantly.