The Composition Of Oak Wood-decay Fungi And The Relation Between Hericium Erinaceus And Other Fungi

Hericium erinaceus as excellent edible and medicinal fungi, is beneficial to health of people, for example protecting the stomach. However, with the excessive development of resources of wild H. erinaceus, its production constantly decrease. So to improve current situation, low-output timber forest of oak in Daxing’an mountain was used fully to cultivating H. erinaceus, meanwhile the relationship between H. erinaceus and other fungi also was studied. After the optimal medium of H. erinaceus screened, H. erinaceus was cultivated on standing forest stock on the premise without damaging the forest resources and the environment. In addition, a kind of fungus promoting growth of H. erinaceus was obtained, which lay the foundations for imitation of the wild H. erinaceus cultivation and promoting the production of Hericium. the main results of this study were as follows:1. The fungi on the decaying oak tree of H. erinaceus and Spongipellis litschaueri and on the healthy oak tree were studied. Firstly, these fungi were obtain by the separation, purification and identification, then statistical analysis shows the fungal communities on the decaying oak tree and the healthy oak tree have significant differences and contain the different predominant fungi. The predominant fungi on decaying wood of H. erinaceus include Leptographium, Trichoderma, Verticillum. predominant fungi on decaying wood of S. litschaueri include Trichoderma, S. litschaueri, Leptographium. Predominant fungi on healthy oak tree include Trichoderma, Chaetomiua and other two fungi without spore.2. After twelve kinds of medium screened, the optimal medium of H, erinaceus was obtain, it is malt yeast culture medium, containing Yeast extract powder 5g, H2KPO4 1g, MgSO40.5g, agar 20g, malt juice (8 baume) 1000ml. H. erinaceus cultured in this medium have thick hyphae and white colonies, and grow quickly. Compared to the potato comprehensive medium (Hong Su,2007) and the PDA medium with 0.5% peptone (Yinghua Sun,1991), the malt yeast culture medium endow H. erinaceus with quicker speed of growth.3. Artificial cultivation experiment of H. erinaceus on standing forest stock shows that fruiting bodies will harvest in autumn. This experiment take full advantage of low-output timber forest of oak in Daxing’an mountain region, which not only make the oak tree utilized fully, but also improve production of wild H. erinaceus to supply the market demand, this method lay the foundations for imitation of the wild H. erinaceus cultivation.4. By the interaction between H. erinaceus and other fungi or their fermentation broth, their relationship was studied. The results show that H. erinaceus didn’t significantly inhibit the growth of its own. But H. erinaceus were inhibited by S litschaueri, Chaetomium and B strains, especially S. litschauer whose colony completely cover that of H, erinaceus, and which suppress H. erinaceus to absorb nutrients and take up the space. In addition, there is a obvious boundary when strains C and H. erinaceus were co-cultured, but H. erinaceus grow thrivingly. The growth of H.erinaceus mycelium was influenced by different fungal fermentation broths on different degree, the fermentation broths of S. litschaueri, Chaetomium and strains B generate inhibiting effect, but those of Leptographium and strain C generate promoting effect at low concentration. Field investigation and experiments indicated S. litschaueri is mainly and wildly decay fungi on oak tree, there is no other decay fungi on the oak tree infected by S. litschaueri. S. litschaueri and its fermentation broth significantly inhibited the growth of Hericium, indicating the colonization of H. erinaceus may be influenced so severely by S. litschauer that H. erinaceus can’t colonize on oak tree, which is main reason of its low yield in the wild.