The Research On The Reform And Revolution In The Late-Qing Dynasty Though The Perspective Of Political Modernization

In the face of the invasion of the western and domestic turmoil, the traditional feudal ruling order suffered serious impact after The First Opium War. In order to maintain dynastic rule, landlord class reformers advocated the westernization movement from the 1860 s to 1890 s. In the Sino-Japanese War, implements system of "westernization" Qing lost to the "reformed" Japan, 30 years westernization was in reflection and critical reflection. Sino-Japanese defeat is huge and deep for millions of Chinese people, a deeper thinking and exploration was under the way. China’s modern history was also into further turning point.In this paper, though the perspective of political modernization, studying the relation between reform and revolution in the late Qing Dynasty, based on the relevant knowledge of political science, sociology and history to study of this problem, to explore the reform and the China’s modernization process, the relationship between the national rise and fall, analysis of improvement and the timing of the revolution in the late Qing Dynasty, summary of the success or failure of the reform and revolution, to understanding the problem further.This paper was divided into four parts. The first part was mainly elaborated the thesis expatiates’ purpose and significance, and analyzes the related research dynamic, provide reference for paper writing; The second part was mainly focus on the crisis in Chinese society and deepened after the Sino-Japanese War, shows the necessity of China’s political modernization and modernity factors in the social change in late Qing Dynasty, to grasp the crisis in the late Qing Dynasty and the very beginning of the political modernization. The third part was mainly discussed the reform and revolution in China’s political modernization, analysis the advance of reform and revolution of confluence theoretical debate and practice problems. The fourth part mainly on analysis of improvement from the political modernization and revolution, from the general law of historical development and the experience to analyze the complex relationship between the reform and revolution, and analysis the reality of the reform and revolution for the contemporary enlightenment.