Influence Of Self-efficiency And Different Risk Level On Framing Effect Of College Students’ Career Decision-making

Since the framing effect had been found by Tversky and Kahneman, manyscholars studied this classic decision-making paradox from different perspectivessuch as the task characteristics, risk situation, cognition, emotion. While the researchon framing effect of college students’ career decision-making are still relatively few,Tversky held that―The frame that a decision-maker adopts is controlled partly bythe formulation of the problem and partly by the norms, habits, and personalcharacteristics of the decision-maker.‖Therefore, on the basis of previous studies,this study discusses the effect of personality variable—self-efficacy and the externalfactor—risk probability on framework effect of college students’ careerdecision-making.This study using two experiments to investigate the influence of self-efficiencyand different risk level on framing effect of college students’career decision-making.The first experiment adopted400college students as subjects, designed careerdecision-making questionnaire according the classic "Asia disease problem" tosearch whether there is a framing effect in college students’ career decision-making.The second experiment adopted500college students as subjects, using collegeself-efficacy questionnaire and career decision-making questionnaire for theresearch, using2x3x2groups design, independent variables are self-efficacy (highself-efficacy, low self-efficacy), risk level (high risk, the risk, low risk), and frame(positive and negative), dependent variable is the risk preference, namely thesubjects on the7point scale choice in favor of the degree of two schemes. Get thefollowing conclusion:1.The framing effect existed in career decision-making situation, collegestudents tend to be conservative in positive framework and tend to be adventurous in negative framework.2.In the framing of career, risk level has influence on risk preference. With risklevel rising, risk aversion decreases in framing.3. In the framing of college students’ career decision-making, self-efficiencyhas influence on risk preference, and the risk preference level of decision-makerswho have high self-efficiency is higher than those whose self-efficiency are low.4.There are effects of self-efficiency and different risk level on framing effectin the college students’ career decision-making. Under high risk level, there isframing effect in the college students of high self-efficiency but not in the collegestudents of low self-efficiency. And however under medium or low risk level, thereis no framing effect in the college students of either high achievement motivation orlow achievement motivation.