Spatial Accessibility Of Medical Services And Location Allocation

For the first time in 2006, the central government clearly put forward the strategic target of equal basic public health services; In 2009, after nearly 20 years of health-care reform, again established the "to establish the basic medical and health system covering both urban and rural residents as well as the realization everyone will have access to basic medical and health service" of the new reform goals. The central committee of the communist party of China for many times to promote the equal basic public health services and basic medical and health services equalization as a national development strategy are emphasized, equal medical services has become the social needed for further development of the situation in our country. As to speed up the economic and social transformation, the urban and rural residents for education, health care, culture, etc. The demand of increasing the development of social undertakings, the shortage of basic public services and configure the imbalance of contradiction growing, has become the important factors that affect social harmony and stability. Medical configuration imbalance in particular, between regions, there is a huge gap between the urban and rural medical service level, rural medical resources shortage, urban medical resources more nervous, too, the current medical service plan is still in more traditional statistical measure, administrative boundaries to configuration of medical resources, lack of modern planning techniques and methods.This article in the specific case area-wuyishan city township level and above medical institutions as an example, based on the analysis on the present situation of wuyishan city medical facilities, combined with GIS technology, based on the latest ArcGIS10.2 software platform, using the accessibility of different measurement methods of comprehensive evaluation of wuyishan city residential areas accessibility of medical service level, the shortage of medical service determine the regions, and on this basis, using location optimization model analysis method to improve accessibility of medical service and fairness, for wuyishan city medical health special planning and wuyishan city "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in" references are provided for the relevant planning, for wuyishan city national demonstration construction relevant content to provide preliminary support for development priority zones.Author mainly finished the following main job analysis:(1) to identify similar concepts, consult relevant accessibility measure methods and medical facilities planning method, complete a review. (2) through the extensive field investigation, interview, data collection, establish include residential areas, hospitals, transport network, the administrative area space elements such as database, through the related statistical yearbook, fill the space elements such as medical statistical bulletin of attribute information. (3) choose the proportion of the popular method, the recent distance method, two step mobile search method, gravity method and improved method of gravity model comprehensively wuyishan city 131 villages in the accessibility of medical level, the analysis of spatial interpolation and spatial clustering method, the shortage of medical service determine wuyishan city area. (4) the combination of the above analysis, combined with location optimization configuration model, from medical facilities layout optimization, the transportation network optimization, the layout optimization of residential optimization strategy is proposed.Relevant data in this paper, the analysis of the basic to follow the order of the mathematical principle, software operation, case analysis, the relevant mathematical principle of the method are compared in this paper a detailed account, or from the related references, mainly in Excel and ArcGIS10.2 calculation process, in this paper explains the main operation steps and screenshots. Main use Excel statistical computing function in the basic operation, using ArcGIS10.2 basic editing module and spatial analysis, spatial statistics, network analysis, statistical analysis and extension module to complete the wuyishan city medical services related to data processing, database building, network data sets, distance measurement, spatial interpolation, cluster analysis, etc., and related graphics expression.Through interview investigation about the present situation of wuyishan city medical services and related data analysis, the study found that:(1) from the medical resources, per capita medical distance, opportunity, etc., wuyishan city area there are different medical service unbalanced condition, research from two dimensions of village and town domains are analyzed. Step (2) two mobile search method, gravity method such as accessibility measure method can better reflect the status of each demand point of accessibility, and show fairness. (3) the introduction of outpatient visits, hospital grade coefficient, found that the sensitivity of the level of hospital make residents for medical distance decline, patients would rather spend more distance and time, choose high grade hospital, of course, the personal income levels and patients are closely related. (4) by the result of the accessibility spatial interpolation and spatial clustering analysis, obviously found in wuyishan city medical services in short supply in region, general medical shortage area is located in wuyishan city edge of town, transportation is inconvenient. (5) by optimizing medical facilities layout, improve the level of road network access, settlement removal can significantly improve medical is shortage and accessibility of medical level, improve the medical consumption fairness.