A Trial Study Of Burial System Of Eastern Jin In Jiankang Region

From the third to the sixth century, being the capital city of Eastern Wu, Eastern Jin, Song, Qi, Liang and Chen Dynasties, Jiankang(today’s Nanjing) was the political, economic and cultural center of China. Back to the Han Dynasty, traditional adminstrative areas of Nanjing is around Today’s Jiangning District. It’s only after Eastern Wu, Western JinDynasties that the political centerof Nanjing was transferred to today’s downtown center. Shortly after being established as the capital of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, masses of Northerners migrated to the south, changing Jianking into a densely populated area. Naturally, there is a concentrated distribution of tombs around Jiankang. Since 1950s, archaeological excavations of more than one hundred tombs of eastern Jin Dynasty in Nanjing triggered extensive attentionin the academic circle. And tombs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty unearthed in Jiankang became a significant content of archaeological research.Due to the severe lacking of documented literature, archaeological discoveries rises to be most-signifantly new materials in the research of the Eastern Jin Dynasty’s Burial system.This paper selects tombs of the Eastern Jin Dynasty as the main object of study in Jiankang. It study on the excavated tombs using archaeological methods in this area. On this basis, it discussed the grade system and the funeral custom focusing on tombs in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.Preface. Begins with an overview of development history of the city of Jiankang, as well as the capital layout of Jiankang in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. According to the time after the tombs wrote up the discovery and excavation in Jiankang of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The paper summarizes the research contents of the scholars to tombs and relevant system in the Eastern Jin DynastyChapter 1-Tombs Typological Analysis. First of all, brick tomb chamber structure’s Eastern Jin Dynasty of Jiankang is divided into the ground and underground buildings, and made an introductory. Secondly, based on the number of different tomb, brick tomb can be divided into single-chamber and dual-chamber tomb. According to the presence of corridor is divided into convex shape and rectangular tomb. Then on the basis of the top of the tomb can be classified into vault roof, top coupons. Finally, the article summarizes Eastern Jin Dynasty tombs in time and space distribution. It investigate the size of the tombs, building structure and other facilities in different times of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Jiankang area’s burial shape. The single burial room is popular in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The common people’s tomb scale is smaller than that of non common people. There is no direct correlation between the owner of the tomb’s rank and form of brick burial.Chapter 2-The Eastern Jin’s funeral system in Jiankang region. From the Eastern Jin in Jiankang region’s encoffin system, the burial system, the tomb worship and funerary objects system to, the paper study the burial hierarchy of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Four aspects of convergence service system mainly from the group, with jade, jade with a sword, jindang to investigate the grade range of the use of tombs. For large and medium-sized tombs repeatedly found attached to silk fabric with a copper and iron mirror accessories, copper doorknocker, inferred these objects may be painted face mask or coffin accessories. That is the components of "Wen Ming" recorded in the literature. Combing materials of the Eastern Jin Dynasty’s tombs altar in Nanjing area found that after the Jin royal family moving south, widely used in the original brick altar in Nanjing area, large and medium-sized tombs prevalent the pottery (or pottery, pottery with a few collapse) as the carrier of the new memorial combination. The altar is not only as the owner of the tomb memorial place, but also as a new carrier for the worship of "position". The seat near the altar draperies also make the tombs’ development to living room. The mode of sacrifice’s change also brought the change of grave funerary objects. This change is the exchange between with north and south and the reflect of the integration of gentry funeral customs. On the basis of funerary objects unearthed material in the Eastern Jin Dynasty Tombs is divided into five categories:the gold and silver Agate and other decorative categories, lacquerware products, celadon ware categories, pottery funerary objects, the other class. The tombs in the middle and late stage of the funerary objects combination change is not much change. Pottery types and combinations have burial custom in Central Plains of west Jin Dynasty. The number and types of the funerary objects have obvious grade difference. Some tombs inside the coffin had the luxury of funerary objects, less and simple in coffin outside. It may be prepare for future reburial in Central Plains.Chapter 3-The distribution and arrangemen of the Eastern Jin Dynasty’ tombs in Jiankang region. Summing up the tombs found in Jiankang region, and on the basis of the scholars’ research, the article summarized the distribution of the Eastern Jin Dynasty imperial tombs and the arrangement method of family cemetery. The Eastern Jin Dynasty mausoleum affected by geographical environment. They rely on mountain, and have not seal and tree. In addition to the aristocratic family tomb. The mausoleum is also popular with living together. The cemetery were arranged according to ages hierarchy, seniors and juniors, the venerable in the right. The family cemetery mainly uses two kinds of arrangements, according to seniority in the family and a line of alignment. Seniority arrangement can be divided into the venerable in middle ranking or right after ranking.In short, through a comprehensive analysis of the Eastern Jin Dynasty Tombs in Jiankang region, especially in terms of tomb shape, funeral system and grave distribution and arrangement, the paper deepens ourunderstanding of the tombs and burial systems of Eastern Jin Dynasty in the very area of Jiankang.